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Tuesday, December 18, 2001 10:17 AM
request for public comments: "September 11 Victim Compensation Fund."

Kenneth L. Zwick, Director
Office of Management Programs, Civil Division
U.S. Department of Justice


Dear Mr. Zwick:

I am writing in response to the Department's request for public
comments regarding the forthcoming regulations for implementing
and administering the "September 11 Victim Compensation Fund."
I strongly urge the Department to draft regulations that ensure
compensation is available to all victims of the attack,
including the committed partners and the non-biological children
of gay and lesbian victims.

It is unquestionable that the devastating grief and economic
losses suffered by the families of gay and lesbian victims are
no less than that of other families.  Just as the terrorists
drew no lines in choosing their victims, our country must draw
no lines in compensating those who suffered the most personal of
losses from these horrific attacks.

Many Americans lost their lives on September 11, each of whom
left behind loved ones.  I urge the Department to honor these
bonds by treating the families of gay and lesbian victims as you
would any other.

Sincerely,
Individual Comment
Ch'ville, VA


 
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Friday, January 18, 2002 1:19 PM


To Whom It May Concern:
My husband is ine of the 343 fireman still missing at the wtc. His loss has 
been devastating to me and our newborn daughter.
I disagree with many aspects of the victims compensation program .
There should be no clause that deducts income from collateral sources such as 
my husbands pension and life insurance .these are never deducted in lawsuits 
so why should they be deducted with the acceptance of the plan with the 
conditions that you will not sue. 
I also disagree that there should be a cap on pain and suffering of 250,000.
This number is based on on old formula and should be updated to reflect 
today,s standards. There is no amount of money that could ease my suffering 
but I have to live a future without my husband and my daughter will not know 
her father.Our lives have been torn apart. Economists should be consulted to 
update this amount for pain and suffering.
Lastly, many fireman and others have domestic partners . Some I know were 
weeks away from being married. They should not be left out as well as 
parents.
Sincererly,

Individual Comment

 
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Monday, March 18, 2002 3:05 PM
Mistrustful Politicians

Once again, we as a country are snuck up on by opportunists pushing their own agenda. Ken Feinberg and the others behind the policies of the September 11th fund have jostled the policies to please themselves by finding a loophole and claiming the fear of being sued by State governments not wanting to be told how to spend the funds. If the fear of lawsuits against the fund, by state governments, is real why did they not find a way to override any possible suits rather than finding the loophole that supports discrimination? Is mandating that illegal aliens will receive support not telling states how to spend the money?

Actions such as these show me why there are funds set up exclusively for Gays and Lesbians.

Individual Comment

 
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Wednesday, December 19, 2001 11:03 AM
Equal benefit access


December  19, 2001

Dear Mr. Kenneth Zwick,

I write as a member of Amnesty International, a worldwide human rights
movement committed to ensuring respect for the basic human rights of people
without discrimination, in support of equal access to benefits under the
September 11 Victims Relief Fund for all victims, regardless of sexual
orientation or marital status. As you know, the United States has
committed to uphold international human rights standards, including the
Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the International Covenant on
Civil and Political Rights, which prohibit arbitrary discrimination.
  
As you consider rules for administering the relief fund, I ask that you
apply basic international human rights standards, and the general principle
of equality, by including among relatives eligible for compensation those
who lost their life partners, as well as de facto parents or children,
without regard to sexual orientation or marital status.  The State of New
York has already adopted such a policy, granting compensation benefits "on
a showing of mutual interdependence with the victim, in recognition that
anyone who shared with the victim living expenses, day to day activities
and the emotional bonds of family deserves help in this time of need."

Many lesbian and gay people were killed in the September 11th attacks.
Since then, lesbian and gay surviving partners of those killed have had
mixed results in obtaining equal treatment at the local level in the
distribution of relief funds by private and state agencies.  An inclusive
policy on the part of the federal government would help establish an
important principle for other such funds.  In compensating victims, real
justice will be served only when all families - and all types of families -
impacted by the human rights tragedy of September 11 are treated with
dignity and equality. 

Thank you for considering my concerns. I look forward to hearing from you
about your efforts to ensure that all surviving victims of the September 11
attacks have equal access to the relief fund.


Sincerely,
Individual Comment
Portland , OR

 
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Wednesday, December 19, 2001 2:11 PM
equality


December  19, 2001

Dear Mr. Kenneth Zwick,

I write as a member of Amnesty International, a worldwide human rights
movement committed to ensuring respect for the basic human rights of people
without discrimination, in support of equal access to benefits under the
September 11 Victims Relief Fund for all victims, regardless of sexual
orientation or marital status. As you know, the United States has
committed to uphold international human rights standards, including the
Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the International Covenant on
Civil and Political Rights, which prohibit arbitrary discrimination.
  
As you consider rules for administering the relief fund, I ask that you
apply basic international human rights standards, and the general principle
of equality, by including among relatives eligible for compensation those
who lost their life partners, as well as de facto parents or children,
without regard to sexual orientation or marital status.  The State of New
York has already adopted such a policy, granting compensation benefits "on
a showing of mutual interdependence with the victim, in recognition that
anyone who shared with the victim living expenses, day to day activities
and the emotional bonds of family deserves help in this time of need."

Many lesbian and gay people were killed in the September 11th attacks.
Since then, lesbian and gay surviving partners of those killed have had
mixed results in obtaining equal treatment at the local level in the
distribution of relief funds by private and state agencies.  An inclusive
policy on the part of the federal government would help establish an
important principle for other such funds.  In compensating victims, real
justice will be served only when all families - and all types of families -
impacted by the human rights tragedy of September 11 are treated with
dignity and equality. 

Thank you for considering my concerns. I look forward to hearing from you
about your efforts to ensure that all surviving victims of the September 11
attacks have equal access to the relief fund.


Sincerely,
Individual Comment
San Pedro, CA 

 
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December 14, 2001


Special Master Kenneth R. Feinberg
September 11th Victim Compensation Fund
U.S. Department of Justice
950 Pennsylvania Avenue NW
Washington, DC 20530

To Mr. Feinberg:

I am writing to urge you to ensure fair treatment for all surviving families of the tragedy on September
11th, including the children and families of low-wage workers and gay and lesbian families.  Under
traditional rules based on lost wages, the survivors of a bond trader earning millions of dollars per
year might receive thousands of times as much compensation as the survivors of a dishwasher in one of
the restaurants destroyed. Justice requires looking far beyond the last paycheck to the inherent worth of
all those killed, so that a high minimum compensation level is set to lessen the disparities. It would be a
double blow to the survivors to first lose their loved one and then watch as most of the taxpayer money
went to those who were already well off in the first place.

The second major issue has to do with recognizing the legitimacy of gay and lesbian relationships and 
families. Gay and lesbian families are especially vulnerable when one partner is killed. Because the
option of marriage is unavailable, these families may find themselves in the traumatic predicament of
having to prove that their union is legitimate. Fortunately, both the Red Cross and the State of New
York have already announced that they will not discriminate against gay and lesbian families. The
Department of Justice should do the same.

Thank you for considering my comments. I look forward to hearing how you will act on these very
important issues.

Sincerely,
     
Individual Comment
Emmaus, PA 

 
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Monday, December 17, 2001 3:01 PM
Compensation Fund


Dear Mr. Zwick:

I am writing in response to the Department's request for public comments regarding the forthcoming regulations for implementing and administering the "September 11 Victim Compensation Fund."    

I strongly urge the Department to draft regulations that ensure compensation is available to all victims of the attack, including the committed partners and the non-biological children of gay and lesbian victims.

It is unquestionable that the devastating grief and economic losses suffered by the families of gay  and lesbian victims are no less than that of other families.  Just as the terrorists drew no lines in choosing their victims, our country must draw no lines in compensating those who suffered the 
most personal of losses from these horrific attacks.  

Many Americans lost their lives on September 11, each of whom left behind loved ones.  I urge the Department to honor these bonds by treating the families of gay and lesbian victims as you would any other American citizen suffering personally from the attacks.

Sincerely,

Individual Comment
Toronto, ON 



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              <text>Saturday, March 16, 2002 8:39 PM


I think it is highly unfair that the partners &amp; families of the gays and
lesbians are denied compensation from the 9/11 Fund. The gay and lesbian
people who were killed by terrorists are just as important as the
heterosexuals who were. Don't ignore their sacrifice by denying their families
compensation.






Individual Comment

 
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Saturday, February 02, 2002 11:12 AM
Help all victims of terrorist attack


Dear Mr. Zwick:

The very humane Fund for relatives of victims of the September 11
terrorist attacks must include all relatives of all the victims.

This importantly should include the partners and children of same sex
unions.  They suffer just as grievously for their deceased loved ones
as do other survivors, and their need for assistance is just as great.

Please do not give in to the importuning of callous homophobic groups
and individuals who would have the Department of Justice limit
compensation to survivors of heterosexual unions.  They are interested
in a political victory, not humane assistance.

This Fund is intended for humane purposes; it is not a political
statement, Mr. Zwick.

Sincerely,

Individual Comment

 
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Sunday, November 25, 2001 12:56 PM

comments on rules for Sept. 11 Victim Compensation Fund



To Whom it May Concern:



I am writing to provide my comments on the current proposal for the
September 11 Victim Compensation Fund.  I would first like to express my
appreciation that such efforts have been initiated and that public
comment has been requested.  Unfortunately, these issues are very dear
to me, because I lost my father,  who was working at One
World Trade Center on September 11th.



I read the proposed regulations quite closely and feel that much of the
plan for the Victims' Compensation Fund is fair to the victims and their
families.  Specific comments on various topics follow.  I am most
concerned, however, with the definition of  "collateral source funds"
(Topic 6):  I believe that families' compensation *should not* be
reduced by the amount of supplemental life insurance received.  Such a
reduction would punish those victims who sacrificed earlier earnings to
offer their family extra security.  Certainly, we do not want these
earlier sacrifices by the victims to result in less funds being obtained
by their family members.  In addition, we do not want to discourage
others from planning in the future for their heirs.



Topics 1&amp;2:

· If the claimant is to submit an amount of compensation sought, rules,
schedules, and/or formulas should be published for determining
compensation due.  This would lessen the burden on those claimants
unable to pay for attorney or expert help in filing (also pertains to
topics 4 and 6).

· If the Special Master should determine that insufficient information
is available to determine a claim, the claim should be considered as
"not filed."  



Topic 3:

· The claimant should be given the opportunity to clarify information if
required before final determination is made or to refile the claim with
additional supporting information.

· Every claimant need not be granted an oral hearing; this would be
cumbersome to all involved.  However, the claimant should reserve the
right to request such a hearing or appeal to the Special Master if the
results of the paper hearing are unsatisfactory.



Topic 6:

· Definition of "collateral sources":

· Supplemental insurance paid for by the victim or victim's family
should not be considered collateral source.  Families should not be
penalized for preparing for unexpected events.

· Pension fund should be included only if pension earnings are included
in the "economic loss" schedules.

· Charitible contributions should not be included.  Citizens who donated
monies to charities to help victims and their families expect that
government compensation be administered without respect to private aid.



Please consider these comments when you develop the final rules for the
Fund.  Thank you once again for seeking the input of the public.



Sincerely,



Individual Comment

Tucson, AZ
 
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              <text>
Tuesday, November 06, 2001 2:28 PM

I am commenting on whether the law establishing a fund for victims of the
September 11th attacks, permits awards to be made without regard to what a
family had accepted in charity. To my understanding, the purpose of the fund
was to make victims and their families "whole" after any losses they
suffered. The concept of "wholeness" is regularly used in property and
casualty insurance policies. In those policies, it is regarded as
fundamentally unfair for someone to receive more compensation than they lost
due to an accident or event. Some victims will likely receive more
charitable assistance than other victims. It would be unfair for some to end
up with more monetary compensation than the others. At the same time, I do
not want people to be put off from donating to charities or for victims to
refuse charitable assistance because they fear they may lose government
assistance. Is it possible to use money from the fund to compensate for
certain definable losses and allow charities to help out with other losses?
For example, charities could be allowed to pay for a funeral or a couple
months living expenses, while the government fund might compensate for the
lost wages of a victim. I don't know if this is a workable solution. My
other suggestion would be to reward every victim an equal sum of money
regardless of what they received from charity. We can't have the charities
and victims become accountants. We must not continue to dwell on this
tragedy. If each class of victim received the same reward there would be
less chance for the government to be accused of playing favorites.


Individual Comment
 
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            <description>Whether the contributor holds copyright to this item.</description>
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January 22, 2002


Special Master                                                                                                                              
Victims Compensation Fund  
C/O Kenneth L. Zwick, Director  
Office of Management Programs 
Civil Division, U.S. Dept of Justice                                                                   950 Pennsylvania Ave
Washington, DC 20530

              RE:  Comments on Interim Rules of the 9/11 VCF

Dear Sir,

I am writing to express my concern and support the efforts to assure, that the victims of 
the September11th tragedies are given the best possible consideration in the matter of 
monetary compensation for their losses. As a past national president and Diplomate of the
American Board of Vocational Experts, as well as being certified in Vocational 
Economics by the American Rehabilitation Economic Association, I encourage you to 
aggressively evaluate the losses utilizing an acceptable forensic model.

For many years, and in countless thousands of cases, earning capacity has been analyzed 
and presented to the American Courts by experts such as myself.  I feel that to
oversimplify the process, and skip such analysis, will only invite future criticism. I
realize that such analysis is time consuming and costly, but I support the proposals of
              , CRE, and others, to offer our services as consultants and perhaps experts in this area.  Of particular concern are the 20-30 year old young professionals that were killed in the tragedies, who were very early in their careers. The press has not reported as yet on the proposed adjustments you may be considering in assessing their earning capacity in the future.

I appreciate the gravity and enormity of the task before you, and understand that to be
timely and fair in this matter is difficult.  I offer whatever service I can through my own
expertise, and the knowledge that the other Professional Members in the American Board
and Vocational Experts and American Rehabilitation Economics Association support fair as well as scientific, analysis of these losses.

Sincerely,

Individual Comment
Hastings, Nebraska
 
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Monday, March 04, 2002 12:51 PM
Disbursement of funds for tragedy funds

The events of September 11 will live within our hearts the rest of our lives and I think about the victims and their families every day.  My comment about compensation is very pointed and very simple.  Please take all the money tha has been contributed and divide it by the number of victims and give to the next of kin as if it were an insurance claim.  This money was given by many people and kids for each and every victim.  It is a shame that a fat cat government employee will be paid tons of money and drag this into a endless time and spend a lot of the dollars for needless employees, legal wrangling and all the other garbage that we seem to relish with government employees get entangled with the process.  Remember this money came from the heart of many people and it should be dollar for dollar to the cause for which it was given.


Individual Comment

 
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Thursday, December 20, 2001 10:36 AM
Equal Access to Crisis Relief Benefits


December  20, 2001

Dear Mr. Kenneth Zwick,

I write as a member of Amnesty International, a worldwide human rights
movement committed to ensuring respect for the basic human rights of people
without discrimination, in support of equal access to benefits under the
September 11 Victims Relief Fund for all victims, regardless of sexual
orientation or marital status. As you know, the United States has
committed to uphold international human rights standards, including the
Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the International Covenant on
Civil and Political Rights, which prohibit arbitrary discrimination.
  
As you consider rules for administering the relief fund, I ask that you
apply basic international human rights standards, and the general principle
of equality, by including among relatives eligible for compensation those
who lost their life partners, as well as de facto parents or children,
without regard to sexual orientation or marital status.  The State of New
York has already adopted such a policy, granting compensation benefits "on
a showing of mutual interdependence with the victim, in recognition that
anyone who shared with the victim living expenses, day to day activities
and the emotional bonds of family deserves help in this time of need."

Many lesbian and gay people were killed in the September 11th attacks.
Since then, lesbian and gay surviving partners of those killed have had
mixed results in obtaining equal treatment at the local level in the
distribution of relief funds by private and state agencies.  An inclusive
policy on the part of the federal government would help establish an
important principle for other such funds.  In compensating victims, real
justice will be served only when all families - and all types of families -
impacted by the human rights tragedy of September 11 are treated with
dignity and equality. 

Thank you for considering my concerns. I look forward to hearing from you
about your efforts to ensure that all surviving victims of the September 11
attacks have equal access to the relief fund.


Sincerely,

Individual Comment
Ann Arbor, MI
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                <text>yes</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="366242">
                <text>no</text>
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            <name>Date Entered</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="366243">
                <text>2001-12-20</text>
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              <text>
December 14, 2001


Special Master Kenneth R. Feinberg
September 11th Victim Compensation Fund
U.S. Department of Justice
950 Pennsylvania Avenue NW
Washington, DC 20530

To Mr. Feinberg:

I am writing to urge you to ensure fair treatment for all surviving families of the tragedy on September 11th, including the children and families of low-wage workers and gay and lesbian families.  Under
traditional rules based on lost wages, the survivors of a bond trader earning millions of dollars per
year might receive thousands of times as much compensation as the survivors of a dishwasher in one of
the restaurants destroyed. Justice requires looking far beyond the last paycheck to the inherent worth of
all those killed, so that a high minimum compensation level is set to lessen the disparities. It would be a
double blow to the survivors to first lose their loved one and then watch as most of the taxpayer money went to those who were already well off in the first place.

The second major issue has to do with recognizing the legitimacy of gay and lesbian relationships and 
families. Gay and lesbian families are especially vulnerable when one partner is killed. Because the
option of marriage is unavailable, these families may find themselves in the traumatic predicament of
having to prove that their union is legitimate. Fortunately, both the Red Cross and the State of New
York have already announced that they will not discriminate against gay and lesbian families. The Department of Justice should do the same.

Thank you for considering my comments. I look forward to hearing how you will act on these very important issues.

Sincerely,
     
Individual Comment
Port Matilda, PA
 
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              <text>
Tuesday, December 25, 2001 9:53 AM
Support Equal Access to Crisis Relief Benefits!


December  25, 2001

Dear Mr. Kenneth Zwick,

As a member of Amnesty International, I am writing to you today in support
of equal access to benefits under the September 11 Victims Relief Fund for
all victims, regardless of sexual orientation or marital status.  As you
know, the United States has committed to uphold international human rights
standards, including the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, which prohibit
arbitrary discrimination.
  
As you consider rules for administering the relief fund, I ask that you
apply basic international human rights standards, and the general principle
of equality, by including among relatives eligible for compensation those
who lost their life partners, as well as de facto parents or children,
without regard to sexual orientation or marital status.  The State of New
York has already adopted such a policy, granting compensation benefits "on
a showing of mutual interdependence with the victim, in recognition that
anyone who shared with the victim living expenses, day to day activities
and the emotional bonds of family deserves help in this time of need."

Many lesbian and gay people were killed in the September 11th attacks.
Since then, lesbian and gay surviving partners of those killed have had
mixed results in obtaining equal treatment at the local level in the
distribution of relief funds by private and state agencies.  An inclusive
policy on the part of the federal government would help establish an
important principle for other such funds.  In compensating victims, real
justice will be served only when all families - and all types of families -
impacted by the human rights tragedy of September 11 are treated with
dignity and equality. 

Thank you for considering my concerns. I look forward to hearing from you
about your efforts to ensure that all surviving victims of the September 11
attacks have equal access to the relief fund.


Sincerely,

Individual Comment
Columbia, MD
 
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December 13, 2001


Special Master Kenneth R. Feinberg
September 11th Victim Compensation Fund
U.S. Department of Justice
950 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW
Washington, DC 20530

To Mr. Feinberg:

I am writing to urge you to ensure fair treatment for all surviving families of the tragedy on September 11th, 
including the children and families of low-wage workers and gay and lesbian families.

Under traditional rules based on lost wages, the survivors of a bond trader earning millions of dollars per
year might receive thousands of times as much compensation as the survivors of a dishwasher in one of the
restaurants destroyed. Justice requires looking far beyond the last paycheck to the inherent worth of all
those killed, so that a high minimum compensation level is set to lessen the disparities. It would be a double
blow to the survivors to first lose their loved one and then watch as most of the taxpayer money went to those
who were already well off in the first place.

The second major issue has to do with recognizing the legitimacy of gay and lesbian relationships and 
families. Gay and lesbian families are especially vulnerable when one partner is killed. Because the option of
marriage is unavailable, these families may find themselves in the traumatic predicament of having to prove
that their union is legitimate. Fortunately both the Red Cross and the State of New York have already 
announced that they will not discriminate against gay and lesbian families. The Department of Justice should
do the same.

Thank you for considering my comments. I look forward to hearing how you will act on these very important 
issues.

Sincerely,

Individual Comment
Trumbull, CT 

 
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Wednesday, December 19, 2001 2:50 PM
fairness to all


December  19, 2001

Dear Mr. Kenneth Zwick,

I write as a member of Amnesty International, a worldwide human rights
movement committed to ensuring respect for the basic human rights of people
without discrimination, in support of equal access to benefits under the
September 11 Victims Relief Fund for all victims, regardless of sexual
orientation or marital status. As you know, the United States has
committed to uphold international human rights standards, including the
Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the International Covenant on
Civil and Political Rights, which prohibit arbitrary discrimination.
  
As you consider rules for administering the relief fund, I ask that you
apply basic international human rights standards, and the general principle
of equality, by including among relatives eligible for compensation those
who lost their life partners, as well as de facto parents or children,
without regard to sexual orientation or marital status.  The State of New
York has already adopted such a policy, granting compensation benefits "on
a showing of mutual interdependence with the victim, in recognition that
anyone who shared with the victim living expenses, day to day activities
and the emotional bonds of family deserves help in this time of need."

Many lesbian and gay people were killed in the September 11th attacks.
Since then, lesbian and gay surviving partners of those killed have had
mixed results in obtaining equal treatment at the local level in the
distribution of relief funds by private and state agencies.  An inclusive
policy on the part of the federal government would help establish an
important principle for other such funds.  In compensating victims, real
justice will be served only when all families - and all types of families -
impacted by the human rights tragedy of September 11 are treated with
dignity and equality. 

Thank you for considering my concerns. I look forward to hearing from you
about your efforts to ensure that all surviving victims of the September 11
attacks have equal access to the relief fund.


Sincerely,

Individual Comment 
Grass Valley, CA 


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Friday, November 09, 2001 2:36 PM
compensation

Dear Sirs:
As horrendous as the Sept.11 tragedy was, it is not the role of govt. to
compensate the victims' families. The American people have been very
generous and will continue that generosity. Also, most of the people had
life insurance and/or pension funds. We have other programs to take care of
those who didn't.
Some argue that this tragedy was a result of the negligence of our
intelligence community and therefore we should pay the families. I do not
believe this is the case. How can you understand the thinking of a terrorist
who does not value life and who uses our freedoms against us? Can we improve
our intelligence community? Yes, we can and we are doing that.
And that costs money. Many other programs we are now initiating for the
airlines, visa checks, other transportation industries etc. are where our
tax dollars should be going. The role of govt. is to protect it's citizens
and provide good transportation and justice. If we stick with those things
our country will recover more quickly from this disaster than if we get into
compensating every family member. Our tax dollars can only go so far.
There is absolutely no reason for anyone to sue the airlines. They did the
best they could under the tragic circumstances. They are not to blame.
Afghanistan and Saudi Arabia among others ought to foot the whole bill.
Unfortunately that is not going to happen.
For those Americans who think that the govt. should pay the victims you
could establish a victim fund that people could donate to. As for me, I am
donating the very best and most personal way - through churches near the
disaster areas. They will give financial, emotional AND spiritual aid.
Thanks for listening to my comments.
Sincerely,

Individual Comment
Kansas City, MO

 
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              </elementText>
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            <description>The source of this item.</description>
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Sunday, March 17, 2002 4:21 AM
September 11 Victim Compensation Fund

Kenneth L. Zwick, Director
Office of Management Programs
Civil Division
U.S. Department of Justice
Main Building, Room 3140
950 Pennsylvania Avenue
Washington, DC 20530

I am outraged that gay and lesbian partners of those
who died on September 11 are not automatically going to
receive the same benefits as heterosexual spouses.

This discrimination is un-American.

Even fetuses and illegal aliens will be receiving benefits
under this problem - heck, they've even promised to overlook
federal law and NOT arrest and kick out the families of
illegal aliens, nor will they punish American companies that
hired illegals in violation of federal labor laws.  But NOT gay 
and lesbian heroes of the day 

This discrimination is un-American.

&amp;nbsp who helped bring down the flight in Pennsylvania,             who died in the line of
duty when the first tower fell, and         who was
co-pilot of the plane that crashed into the Pentagon (there
are many more).  These were GAY Heroes!  We are told the 
law is the law and no exceptions can be made.

This discrimination is un-American.

I implore you to correct this terrific miscarriage of Justice




Individual Comment
Seattle WA
 
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