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December 13, 2001


Special Master Kenneth R. Feinberg
September 11th Victim Compensation Fund
U.S. Department of Justice
950 Pennsylvania Avenue NW
Washington, DC 20530

To Mr. Feinberg:

I am writing to urge you to ensure fair treatment for all surviving families of the tragedy on September
11th, including the children and families of low-wage workers and gay and lesbian families.

Under traditional rules based on lost wages, the survivors of a bond trader earning millions of dollars
per year might receive thousands of times as much compensation as the survivors of a dishwasher in
one of the restaurants destroyed. Justice requires looking far beyond the last paycheck to the inherent
worth of all those killed, so that a high minimum compensation level is set to lessen the disparities. It
would be a double blow to the survivors to first lose their loved one and then watch as most of the
taxpayer money went to those who were already well off in the first place.

The second major issue has to do with recognizing the legitimacy of gay and lesbian relationships and 
families. Gay and lesbian families are especially vulnerable when one partner is killed. Because the
option of marriage is unavailable, these families may find themselves in the traumatic predicament of
having to prove that their union is legitimate. Fortunately, both the Red Cross and the State of New
York have already announced that they will not discriminate against gay and lesbian families. The
Department of Justice should do the same.

Thank you for considering my comments. I look forward to hearing how you will act on these very
important issues.

Sincerely,
Individual Comment
Van Nuys,CA


 
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Tuesday, November 27, 2001 5:47 PM
Equal Compensation


Dear Attorney General Ashcroft,

The deaths on September 11th were the result of an attack on America.
Please do not discriminate against the unmarried partners of September 11th
victims.  All unmarried partners, gay or straight, young and old and their
dependents should be eligible for compensation.


Individual Comment


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              <text>Thursday, November 08, 2001 10:58 AM
Victim who lives in Ground Zero...



To whom it may concern,

It is my firm belief that I am one of the many fortunate persons who
survived the attack on 9/11/01.
With this said, I also firmly believe that I along with many who live in
Battery Park City are victims.

Although my family has insurance, the insurance company will NOT reimburse
me for expenses directly related to the attack and subsequent necessities
in order for us to make our hom at Ground Zero livable.

My permanant address is:


New York, NY


Please do let us know what can be afforded to us in this dire time of need.

Thank you for your time and consideration.



Individual Comment
New York, NY
 
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Sunday, January 06, 2002 10:13 PM
money amount

       i want to let someone know that i am appalled at the way the families 
of the 9-11 attack have been treated...i know that i am not the only one, 
everyone i talk to at work, on the internet, the grocery store, etc.  is very 
angry at the way the families are being treated...our attitude is fast 
becoming hardened and immune to giving money ... expecially the red 
cross....but this would include anyone that has gotten their hands on that 
money...that money was given in good faith to be given generously to the 
familes that lost their loved ones...we don't care if they get over 
paid....we don't care if some people get it that shouldn't as long as the 
ones that should get it and need it, get plenty...and as much money as was 
given, there should be plenty to go around several times....unfortunately, 
greedy people are filling their pockets with it ...i have heard stories from 
customers where i work about the way they have been treated and how hard it 
has been to receive any help....some still haven't received anything...this 
organization may not be the right place to sound off but i am so angry i had 
to sound off to some one...

Individual Comment 


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              <text>December 13, 2001


Special Master Kenneth R. Feinberg
September 11th Victim Compensation Fund
U.S. Department of Justice
950 Pennsylvania Avenue NW
Washington, DC 20530


To Mr. Feinberg:


I am writing to urge you to ensure fair treatment for all surviving families of the tragedy on September
11th, including the children and families of low-wage workers and gay and lesbian families. 
 Under
traditional rules based on lost wages, the survivors of a bond trader earning millions of dollars per
year might receive thousands of times as much compensation as the survivors of a dishwasher in one of
the restaurants destroyed. Justice requires looking far beyond the last paycheck to the inherent worth of
all those killed, so that a high minimum compensation level is set to lessen the disparities. It would be a
double blow to the survivors to first lose their loved one and then watch as most of the taxpayer money
went to those who were already well off in the first place.


The second major issue has to do with recognizing the legitimacy of gay and lesbian relationships and 
families. Gay and lesbian families are especially vulnerable when one partner is killed. Because the
option of marriage is unavailable, these families may find themselves in the traumatic predicament of
having to prove that their union is legitimate. Fortunately, both the Red Cross and the State of New
York have already announced that they will not discriminate against gay and lesbian families. The
Department of Justice should do the same.


Thank you for considering my comments. I look forward to hearing how you will act on these very
important issues.


Sincerely,
Individual Comment 
Minneapolis, MN 

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Tuesday, March 12, 2002 1:51 AM
September 11th Victim Compensation Fund

Special Master Kenneth R. Feinberg
September 11th Victim Compensation Fund
U.S. Department of Justice
950 Pennsylvania Avenue NW
Washington, DC 20530

To Mr. Feinberg:

I am writing to urge you to ensure fair treatment for all surviving families 
of the tragedy on September 11th, including the children and families of 
low-wage workers and gay and lesbian families.

Under traditional rules based on lost wages, the survivors of a bond trader
earning millions of dollars per year might receive thousands of times as 
much compensation as the survivors of a dishwasher in one of the restaurants
destroyed.  Justice requires looking far beyond the last paycheck to the
inherent worth of all those killed, so that a high minimum compensation 
level is set to lessen the disparities. It would be a double blow to the survivors to
first lose their loved one and then watch as most of the taxpayer money went 
to those who were already well off in the first place.

The second major issue has to do with recognizing the legitimacy of gay and
lesbian relationships and families. Gay and lesbian families are especially
vulnerable when one partner is killed. Because the option of marriage is
unavailable, these families may find themselves in the traumatic predicament 
of having to prove that their union is legitimate. Fortunately, both the Red 
Cross and the State of New York have already announced that they will not 
discriminate against gay and lesbian families. The Department of Justice should do the 
same.

Thank you for considering my comments. I look forward to hearing how you 
will act on these very important issues.

Sincerely,

Individual Comment
Oregon voter and taxpayer
 
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Sunday, March 17, 2002 8:45 AM
Victims' Fund

FOOLS:

I am appalled at the way OUR COUNTRY and the PEOPLE whom go out of their
way to run to the 1st Disaster that happens to US.........sure it is ok
for ALL THE CITIZENS OF AMERICA is go forth and help out in times of
need whether WE GIVE BLOOD or FIGHT FOR OUR COUNTRY.........but let our
mates die and then OUR FAMILIES are NOT to be a part of the VICTIMS'
FUND !!!!!!!  
What does the words mean........UNITED WE STAND?  Or did the President
just say them to LET OFF STEAM??????  Or is this his way of
saying........WE ARE NOT PART OF THE AMERICAN PEOPLE when he
says........UNITED WE STAND!!

We are no different than anybody else  on this earth......WE BLEED RED,
WE SUFFER LOSS, WE VOTE and still we are degraded for having
mates......unless WE STAND UP AND HELP OUT WHEN OUR AMERICA  NEEDS HELP
!!!!!!!!!

Individual Comment
Norfolk, Virginia



 
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December 13, 2001


Special Master Kenneth R. Feinberg
September 11th Victim Compensation Fund
U.S. Department of Justice
950 Pennsylvania Avenue NW
Washington, DC 20530

To Mr. Feinberg:

I am writing to urge you to ensure fair treatment for all surviving families of the tragedy on September 11th, including the children and families of low-wage workers and gay and lesbian families.  Under
traditional rules based on lost wages, the survivors of a bond trader earning millions of dollars per
year might receive thousands of times as much compensation as the survivors of a dishwasher in one of
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all those killed, so that a high minimum compensation level is set to lessen the disparities. It would be a
double blow to the survivors to first lose their loved one and then watch as most of the taxpayer money went to those who were already well off in the first place.

The second major issue has to do with recognizing the legitimacy of gay and lesbian relationships and 
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option of marriage is unavailable, these families may find themselves in the traumatic predicament of
having to prove that their union is legitimate. Fortunately both the Red Cross and the State of New
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Thank you for considering my comments. I look forward to hearing how you will act on these very important issues.

Sincerely,

Individual Comment
Phoenix,AZ
 
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Saturday, March 16, 2002 10:20 PM
9/11 Victims Compensation

To Whom It May Concern:

If September 11 has taught us anything, it's that our
patriotism and love of country transcend our differences and
unite us all.  We were told that September 11 was the day
that "hyphenated-Americans" were no more, and rather than
being Italian-Americans, African-Americans or gay-Americans,
we were now simply Americans, all of us together as one
American family.  Apparently, that family just got a divorce.

The hyphens seem not to matter when our government wants to
use our heroism to inspire others, but when it comes time to
actually aid the families of those heroes, the hyphens come
back with a vengeance, and it seems that some American heroes
are now more equal than others.

I am outraged that gay and lesbian partners of those
who died on September 11 are not automatically going to
receive the same benefits as heterosexual spouses.

Sincerely,




Individual Comment
Joliet, IL
 
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Friday, January 18, 2002 9:16 AM
Comp formula should NOT be altered


Contrary to a lot of the commentary you are doubtlessly receiving, I believe that the Special Master should stand fast and NOT alter his original plan to include set offs in calculating the ultimate awards.

The taxpayers of the United States do NOT owe the victims' families a cent, and the entire idea of the fund was misguided and naive. But since congress has seen fit to establish the fund, let's keep it from becoming a lottery. Most of these families will be receiving enough money so that the surviving spouse will never have to lift a finger again or worry about saving for their children's college. But it doesn't appear to be enough, if that shameless spectacle on Park Avenue yesterday (Jan. 17, 2002) was any indication.

Do not bow to the pressure of grandstanding politicians and ungrateful guilt mongerers.  

Individual Comment

 
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Friday, December 14, 2001 6:29 AM
Protect Traditional Marriage


Mr.
Kenneth Zwick
Office
of Management Programs
 Department
of Justice
Washington,
DC
Dear
Mr. Zwick:

I
want to express my opposition to any effort by the federal government to provide
9-11 victim compensation funds to "domestic partners" of unmarried
survivors of the terrorist attack upon our nation. 
Funds
disbursed through the September 11th Victim Compensation Fund of 2001 should
only go to the surviving family members of those who died on 9-11. Funds must go
to the widows, widowers, orphans, and other blood-related or adopted members of
the family--not to unmarried sexual partners of those who died. 
To
provide funds to "domestic partners" is to undermine the traditional
definition of marriage and family to include any number of sexual liaisons
between same-sex or opposite-sex unmarried couples. Many homosexuals and
swinging heterosexuals, for example, engage in sex with multiple partners. Do we
provide funds to each of the sexual partners? Where do we draw the line on how
many "domestic partners" a person may have? Homosexual
activists are exploiting the 9-11 tragedy by asking the federal government to
redefine what constitutes a legitimate "family" under the law. In
fact, homosexual activist               , writing in Out magazine
has openly called for the subversion of the concept of marriage between a man
and a woman. He has urged homosexuals to fight for the legalization of
homosexual marriages and once legalized to "redefine the institution of
marriage completely . . . . to debunk a myth and radically alter an archaic
institution. . . . The most subversive action lesbians and gays can under
take--and one that would perhaps benefit all of society--is to transform the
notion of 'family' entirely."
If
the DOJ provides funds to "domestic partners," it will be helping
               accomplish his goal: That of redefining marriage and altering what he
calls an "archaic institution." 
We
also oppose September 11th Funds going to the estates of the deceased instead of
to their surviving family members. No one can know for certain where these funds
will end up if they are deposited in the estate of a person who has died. The
person may have willed his estate to a terrorist, racial hate group, or even to
an organization like the North American Man-Boy Love Association. No one will
know unless each person's will is examined by a DOJ lawyer. 
The
money should go to the surviving family members of the deceased, not to the
estate or to the surviving "domestic partner." 
 
Individual Comment 
Shiloh, OH


 
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Wednesday, November 28, 2001 10:01 AM
Victims of Terrorism Tax Relief Act

My name is       and my brother-in law,      , was
killed in the World Trade Center on September 11th.

I would like to address a few key points regarding the Victims of Terrorism
Tax Relief Act:

 1)   Income Tax - Waives income tax liability for the year of death
and at least one previous year.

 2)   Estate Tax  -  Decreases estate tax under a formula that
shields the first $3 million in assets from both
       federal and state estate tax and $8.5 million in assets from
federal estate tax only for 2001.
       (this does not include state estate tax on this portion). 

 3)   Payroll Tax Relief - Refunds the two years worth of payroll
taxes of all those killed in the attacks.


I thank you for your time.  If you need to get in contact with me, my e-mail
address is        
My work phone number is      .

Individual Comment
 
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December 13, 2001


Special Master Kenneth R. Feinberg
September 11th Victim Compensation Fund
U.S. Department of Justice
950 Pennsylvania Avenue NW
Washington, DC 20530

To Mr. Feinberg:

I am writing to urge you to ensure fair treatment for all surviving families of the tragedy on September 11th, including the children and families of low-wage workers and gay and lesbian families.  Under
traditional rules based on lost wages, the survivors of a bond trader earning millions of dollars per
year might receive thousands of times as much compensation as the survivors of a dishwasher in one of
the restaurants destroyed. Justice requires looking far beyond the last paycheck to the inherent worth of
all those killed, so that a high minimum compensation level is set to lessen the disparities. It would be a
double blow to the survivors to first lose their loved one and then watch as most of the taxpayer money went to those who were already well off in the first place.

The second major issue has to do with recognizing the legitimacy of gay and lesbian relationships and 
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option of marriage is unavailable, these families may find themselves in the traumatic predicament of
having to prove that their union is legitimate. Fortunately both the Red Cross and the State of New
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Thank you for considering my comments. I look forward to hearing how you will act on these very important issues.

Sincerely,

Individual Comment
Carmel, CA
 
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Friday, December 21, 2001 2:02 PM
(no subject)

I don't believe they have anything coming outside of what hat been donated by 
the public at large.  They have no right to claim damages or other of the 
government,  if they wish to claim damages let them file claims against the 
Al'qaida or their supporters.
Individual Comment

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Monday, March 18, 2002 10:06 AM
Follow Federal Law


"In Germany, the Nazis first came for the Communists, and I didn't speak
up because I wasn't a Communist.  Then they came for the Jews, and I 
didn't speak up because I wasn't a Jew.  Then they came for the trade 
unionists, and I didn't speak up because I wasn't a trade unionist.  Then 
they came for the Catholics, but I didn't speak up because I was a 
Protestant. Then they came for me, and by that time there was no one left
to speak up for me."


Individual Comment

 
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December 17, 2001


Special Master Kenneth R. Feinberg
September 11th Victim Compensation Fund
U.S. Department of Justice
950 Pennsylvania Avenue NW
Washington, DC 20530

To Mr. Feinberg:

I am writing to urge you to ensure fair treatment for all surviving families of the tragedy on September
11th, including the children and families of low-wage workers and gay and lesbian families. Under
traditional rules based on lost wages, the survivors of a bond trader earning millions of dollars per
year might receive thousands of times as much compensation as the survivors of a dishwasher in one of
the restaurants destroyed. Justice requires looking far beyond the last paycheck to the inherent worth of
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double blow to the survivors to first lose their loved one and then watch as most of the taxpayer money
went to those who were already well off in the first place.

The second major issue has to do with recognizing the legitimacy of gay and lesbian relationships and 
families. Gay and lesbian families are especially vulnerable when one partner is killed. Because the
option of marriage is unavailable, these families may find themselves in the traumatic predicament of
having to prove that their union is legitimate. Fortunately, both the Red Cross and the State of New
York have already announced that they will not discriminate against gay and lesbian families. The
Department of Justice should do the same.

Thank you for considering my comments. I look forward to hearing how you will act on these very
important issues.

Sincerely,

Individual Comment
Kansas City, MO

 
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      November 1, 2001




Dear Acting Associate Attorney General Perry:



 We submit this letter to set forth the comments of the State of New York and the City of New York on the recently enacted Air Transportation Safety and System Stabilization Act ("ATSSSA") and, specifically, the provisions establishing procedures and standards for compensating victims who suffered injury or death as a result of the September 11th terrorist attacks.



 As you undoubtedly appreciate, New Yorkers and other injured in New York as a result of the terrorist attacks at the World Trade Center constitute the vast majority of those harmed on September 11th.  To be an effective and meaningful vehicle for victim compensation, the ATSSSA must be interpreted and administered in a manner that gives full force to Congress' clear statement of the purpose of ATSSSA, which is "to provide compensation to any individual (or relatives of a deceased individual) who was physically injured or killed as a result of the terrorist-related aircraft crashes of September 11, 2001." §403.



 The attached memorandum sets forth our comments and recommendations in detail.  As you will see, based upon the language of the statute and the intent of Congress, we recommend that the regulations:



 * provide that all individuals in New York City physically harmed by the airline
  crashes, the collapse of the World Trade Center, or the smoke and debris resulting
  from those events are eligible to submit claims for compensation;



 * ensure that the individuals working to extinguish the ongoing fires, clear debris,
  and recover remains, including the police officers, firefighters, construction
workers and other emergency personnel who have been injured during this difficult effort, are not excluded from the claims process:



 * make clear that individuals who suffered any physical harm are able to file claims;



 * define the "personal representative" of the decedent who may file a claim according to state estate law;



 * provide that a victim's compensation include any pecuniary losses specifically enumerated in the statute, as well as any other compensable under state law; and



 * make clear that a claimant's compensation may be reduced only by the amount
  of the collateral source compensation the claimant is legally entitled to receive as
  a result of the terrorist-related aircraft crashes of September 11, 2001.




 The issue of collateral source compensation is of particular importance.  ATSSSA defines the term "collateral source" as "all collateral sources, including life insurance, pension funds, death benefit programs, and payments by Federal, State, or local governments related to the terrorist-related aircraft crashes of September 11, 2001."  §403(4).  As the attached memorandum makes clear, statutory language, the intent of Congress, analogous provisions of New York State law, and public policy all point to a definition of "collateral source" that includes only legally-required monetary payments, and not assistance from family and friends, charitable contributions in-kind benefits, or payments contingent upon future events.



 Finally, we offer various suggestions for the claims form and the rules for submission of  evidence.  For example, while documentation should be required for establishing medical expenses, it should not be required to demonstrate physical harm, because many individuals who were physically harmed either did not seek medical attention or received medical care at a triage location where no documentation was kept.  Liberal procedures should permit claimants to present newly discovered evidence of harm or other losses(e.g., latent injuries or future medical expenses).



 Thank you for considering our views on this important matter.  If you have questions regarding any of the issues discussed in this letter or the attached memorandum, please feel free to contact Counsel to the Governor James McGuire, Deputy Attorney General Debra Cohn or Deputy Counsel to the Mayor Larry Levy.



 We look forward to working with you to serve all the victims of the September 11th terrorist attacks.


      Sincerely,



Comments by:

State of New York









COMMENTS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK AND THE CITY OF NEW YORK ON THE AIR TRANSPORTATION SAFETY AND SYSTEM STABILIZATION ACT





 This memorandum sets forth the comments of the State of New York and the City of New York on the recently enacted Air Transportation Safety and System Stabilization Act ("ATSSSA").  
In particular, the memorandum comments on  ATSSSA's procedures and standards for compensating victims who suffered injury or death as a result of the September 11th terrorist attacks.



 Title IV of ATSSSA, which is the "September 11th Victim Compensation Fund of 2001," establishes two vehicles for victims to obtain compensation: 1) a claims process administered by the Attorney General, acting through a Special Master; and 2) a federal cause of action with exclusive jurisdiction in the Southern District of New York.  This memorandum concerns the former, the administrative claims process.



 ATSSSA states that "the purpose of this title [is] to provide compensation to any individual (or relatives of a deceased individual) who was physically injured or killed as a result of the terrorist-related aircraft crashes of September 11, 2001." §403 (emphasis added).  New Yorkers and others injured in New York as a result of the terrorist attacks at the World Trade Center constitute the vast majority of those harmed and the regulations issued by the Department of Justice must fulfill the intent of Congress by ensuring that full compensation is provided to all such victims.




I.  POTENTIAL CLAIMANTS.


 A. INDIVIDUAL VICTIMS.




 The ATSSSA defines individuals who are eligible to file a claim with the Special Master as:



 (A) an individual who-



  (i) was present at the World Trade Center, (New York, New York), the Pentagon
  (Arlington, Virginia), or the site of the aircraft crash at Shanksville, Pennsylvania
  at the time, or in the immediate aftermath, of the terrorist-related aircraft crashes
  of September 11, 2001; and



  (ii) suffered physical harm or death as a result of such an air crash;



(B) an individual who was a member of the flight crew or a passenger on [the aircrafts subject to terrorist-related crashes on September 11, 2001;] or





(C) in the case of a decedent who is an individual described in subparagraph (A) or (B), the personal representative of the decedent who files a claim on behalf o the decedent.



 Sec. 405(c)(2)



 Thus, certain terms are critical to determining the eligible claimants: 1) "was present at the World Trade Center, New York, New York," §405(c)(2)(A); 2)"the immediate aftermath" id.; 3) "suffered physical harm" §§ 405(a)(2)(B)(i), 405(c)(2)(A); and 4)"personal representative of the decedent," §405(c)(2)(C).  This memorandum  discusses each in turn.  The proposed definitions and standards set forth below aim to fulfill the congressional purpose of compensating all the victims.  Where appropriate, references to New York law are provided.  The proposals also draw on definitions, standards, and procedures used by federal, state, and local government agencies to identify and provide services to the victims of the World Trade Center tragedy.  Finally, several other goals helped shape the proposed definitions: equity among victims; administrative ease; and discouraging fraud and abuse.




  1.  "Present at the World Trade Center, New York, New  York"




 The phrase "present at the World Trade Center, New York New York" should be defined  to cover al individuals in New York City harmed by the airline crashes, the collapse of the World Trade Center, or the smoke and debris resulting from those events.  The vast majority of those victims were located in Manhattan south of 14th Street, but the regulations should ensure that individuals outside that area, who also were physically harmed, are allowed to file claims.



 The federal, state, and local governments already recognize that the effects of the World Trade Center attacks extended beyond the narrow confines of the twin tower complex.  On September 13, 2001, President Bush signed a disaster declaration, making individuals in all five counties in New York City eligible for assistance.  On September 11, New York City Police Department closed all streets in Manhattan south of 14th Street.  Debris was found in parts of Brooklyn and Queens.  For several days following the attack, the "red zone" restricted area included all of Manhattan south of 14th Street.  Even now, more than a month after the crashes, the restricted area exceeds a 16 acre zone.



 FEMA's Mapping and Analysis Center (MAC) received remote sensing data on the days after the attacks, indicating that areas affected by the disaster were far-reaching.  The available information documents that the ash and debris traveled across all of downtown Manhattan.  A photograph of lower Manhattan taken on September 12, 2001, shows that, even 24 hours later,  the ash and debris continued to travel north of Chambers Street and across the East River into Brooklyn.



 Defining "present at the World Trade Center, New York, New York," as covering all individuals who were in New York City who were harmed by the airline crashes, the collapse of the World Trade Center, or the smoke and debris resulting from those events, would ensure that all individuals who were physically harmed as a result of the crashes of September 11, can file claims, while offering administrative ease to the Department of Justice.  An alternative definition would frustrate congressional purpose and consign victims physically harmed by the terrorist attacks to an uncertain future by being forced to litigate in the Southern District of New York.


 



  2.  "At the Time, or the Immediate Aftermath"




 The World Trade Center disaster response is still continuing.  Although most of the areas in Manhattan outside the "red zone" have been cleared of debris, the "red zone" itself remains an active disaster site, with fires still burning, and the search for bodies continuing.  Just as a forest fire does not end the moment it is lit, but continues until the fire is extinguished, so too does the World Trade Center disaster.  Undoubtedly, Congress intended that the firefighters, police officers and other emergency and construction workers who continue to work at the site should be covered by the victim compensation scheme.



 In light of the congressional intent, and the Presidential disaster declaration, the phrase "at the time or the immediate aftermath" should be defined to continue until the fires have been extinguished, the debris cleared, and a determination has been made that no other bodies remain at the site.




  3.  "Suffered Physical Harm"




 ATSSSA provides that a person is eligible under the statute if he or she meets the "present at" requirement and suffered "physical harm" or death as a result of one of the crashes.
§405 (c)(2)(a)(ii).  The regulations, therefore, should make clear that an otherwise eligible person may apply for an award as long as he or she can show any physical harm.  This is consistent with the purpose of the statute, which is to compensate "any individual" who was physically injured or killed as a result of the aircraft crashes of September 11, 2001.  §403. Neither the statement of purpose nor the eligibility language requires that the injury or harm be "serious" or otherwise meet an arbitrary threshold.  Cf. 29 U.S.C. §654(a)(l) (OSHA imposes duty on employer to provide working environment free from hazards likely to cause death or "serious physical harm"; 30 U.S.C. §1291(8) (Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977 addresses condition which could reasonably be expected to cause "substantial physical harm" to persons outside permit area); 42 U.S.C.§14952 (b)(1)(Secretary of State may waive laws governing intercountry adoptions to prevent "grave physical harm" to child); N.Y. Ins. Law §§5102, 5104 (person injured in automobile accident can bring pain and suffering claim only if he suffered "serious injury");  Oberly v. Bangs Ambulance, Inc., 96 N.Y. 2d 295 (2001)(No-Fault Law requires "serious injury" before injured party may bring tort action for noneconomic loss, pain and suffering).  Although victims who suffered any physical harm should be allowed to file a claim, the amount of the award, of course, will depend upon the extent of the harm to the claimant.  §§405(b)(1)(B)(i) and (ii).




 B. "PERSONAL REPRESENTATIVE" OF INDIVIDUAL VICTIMS.




 "Personal representative" should be defined according to applicable state law.  The New York Estates, Powers, and Trusts Law ("EPTL") defines a "personal representative" as "a person
who received letters to administrate the estate of a decdent".  EPTL §1-2.13.  A person who receives letters to administrate a decedent's estate must be either a "distributee" (a decedent's adopted or biological relative) if the person died without a will, a person named as executor or executrix if decedent had executed a will, the public administrator (if decedent dies without known relatives or a will), or a person appointed by the court as temporary administrator.  EPTL §§4-1.1; 5-4.1; 5-4.5; N.Y. Surr. Ct. Proc. Act. §1001.





 Letters of administration must be granted to persons who are distributees of a person who died without a will in the following order: surviving spouse; children; grandchildren; parents; siblings; and then any other persons who are distributees.. N.Y. Surr. Ct. Proc. Act §1001.  The distributees also may consent, if unanimous, to appointment of a non-distributee.  Id. §§ 1001. 1002.  A personal representative of a deceased may bring a wrongful death action on behalf of the distributee of the deceased to recover the pecuniary damages suffered by the distributee as a result of the decedent's death, EPTL §5-4.1; see EPTL §§4-1.1,5-4.5, or an action to recover for injuries, including conscious pain and suffering, suffered by the decedent prior to his death EPTL §11-3.1.



 The damages recovered in a wrongful death action are to be distributed by the personal representatives to the relatives of the deceased as specified in EPTL §§4-1.1, 5-4.4(a) and 5-4.5, without going through the estate, and in proportion to the pecuniary injuries suffered by each of them. EPTL §5-4.4(a)(l).




II.  AMOUNT OF COMPENSATION.




 The ATSSSA provides that "the amount of compensation is based on the harm to the claimant, the facts of the claim, and the individual circumstances of the claim." §405(b)(ii).  The Special Master will determine the extent of the harm to the claimant, including any economic and noneconomic losses. §405(b)(1)(B)(i)




 A. ECONOMIC LOSSES.




 ATSSSA defines the term "economic loss" to mean:



any pecuniary loss resulting from harm (including the loss of earnings or other benefits related to employment, medical expense loss, replacement services loss, loss due to death, burial costs, and loss of business or employment opportunities) to the extent recovery for such loss is allowed under applicable State law.



§402(5).  The state law applicable to the victims harmed in New York will in most instances be New York law.  See generally Babcock v, Jackson, 12 N.Y. 2d473 (1963).  New York law allows all the types of economic loss enumerated in ATSSSA.  Consistent with ATSSSA's purpose - -  "to provide compensation to any individual (or relatives of a deceased individual) who was physically injured or killed as a result of the terriorist-related aircraft crashes of September 11, 2001" - ATSSSA and New York law in a wrongful death action allow for recovery of all pecuniary losses resulting from the decedent's death.  See EPTL § 5-4.3 (damages in wrongful death action consist of fair and just compensation for "pecuniary injuries" suffered by distributees of decedent including but not limited to medical, nursing and attention expenses, funeral expenses); Loetsch v. New York City Omnibus Corp., 291 N.Y. 308 (1943) (pecuniary losses include loss of financial support); EPTL §5-4.3, Practice Commentaries (pecuniary losses




 
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Monday, December 10, 2001 10:49 AM
September 11 Victim Compensation Fund

I am writing in response to the Department's request for public comments regarding the forthcoming regulations for implementing and administering the "September 11 Victim Compensation Fund."  I strongly urge the Department to draft regulations that ensure compensation is available to all victims of the attack, including committed partners and the non-biological children of gay and lesbian victims.

It is unquestionable that the devasting grief and economic losses suffered by the families of gay and lesbian victims are no less than that of other families.  Just as the terrorists drew no lines in choosing their victims, our country must draw no lines in compensating those who suffered the most personal of losses from these horrific attacks.

Many Americans lost their lives on September 11, each of whom left behind loved ones. I urge the Department of Justice to honor these bonds by treating the families of gay and lesbian victims as you would any other.

Sincerely,

Individual Comment
Lancaster, MA 


 
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              <text>Wednesday, December 05, 2001 10:40 AM
Inclusion of Gay &amp; Lesbian Family Members

Dear Sirs:

Please include the partners, children, and parents of gay &amp; lesbians
affected by the September 11, 2001 attack.  It is time our country helped
all of our people.  It is time to stand as one.

Thank you,

Individual Comment
Tulsa, OK 
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
      <elementSet elementSetId="4">
        <name>911DA Item</name>
        <description>Elements describing a September 11 Digital Archive item.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="52">
            <name>Status</name>
            <description>The process status of this item.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="384295">
                <text>approved</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="53">
            <name>Consent</name>
            <description>Whether September 11 Digital Archive has permission to possess this item.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="384296">
                <text>full</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="54">
            <name>Posting</name>
            <description>Whether the contributor gave permission to post this item.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="384297">
                <text>yes</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="55">
            <name>Copyright</name>
            <description>Whether the contributor holds copyright to this item.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="384298">
                <text>yes</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="56">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>The source of this item.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="384299">
                <text>born-digital</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="57">
            <name>Media Type</name>
            <description>The media type of this item.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="384300">
                <text>email</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="59">
            <name>Created by Author</name>
            <description>Whether the author created this item.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="384301">
                <text>yes</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="60">
            <name>Described by Author</name>
            <description>Whether the description of this item was submitted by the author.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="384302">
                <text>no</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="61">
            <name>Date Entered</name>
            <description>The date this item was entered into the archive.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="384303">
                <text>2001-12-05</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="30962" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="24">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="264506">
                  <text>Department of Justice Emails</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="264507">
                  <text>The Department of Justice received more than 11,000 e-mails in response to the agency's public solicitation for comments upon its plans to distribute the September 11th Victim Compensation Fund of 2001 established by Congress to benefit the victims of September 11 and their families.  These e-mails have been organized here by date.</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="18">
      <name>September 11 Email</name>
      <description/>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="65">
          <name>September 11 Email: Body</name>
          <description>The basic content, as unstructured text; sometimes containing a signature block at the end.</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="384304">
              <text>
Tuesday, January 15, 2002 8:20 PM
Justice help all terrorist victims


Dear Mr. Zwick:
The very humane Fund for relatives of victims of the September 11
terrorist attacks must include all relatives of all the victims.

This importantly should include the partners and children of same
sex unions.  They suffer just as grievously for their deceased loved
ones as do other survivors, and their need for assistance is just as
great.

Please do not give in to the importuning of callous homophobic
groups and individuals who would have the Department of Justice
limit compensation to survivors of heterosexual unions.  They are
interested in a political victory, not humane assistance.

This Fund is intended for humane purposes; it is not a political
statement, Mr. Zwick.

My street address is removed due to the anthrax scare.

Sincerely,
Individual Comment

Tucson, AZ 

</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="66">
          <name>September 11 Email: Date</name>
          <description>The local time and date when the message was written.</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="384305">
              <text>2002-01-15</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="384306">
                <text>dojN001700.xml</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
      <elementSet elementSetId="4">
        <name>911DA Item</name>
        <description>Elements describing a September 11 Digital Archive item.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="52">
            <name>Status</name>
            <description>The process status of this item.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="384307">
                <text>approved</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="53">
            <name>Consent</name>
            <description>Whether September 11 Digital Archive has permission to possess this item.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="384308">
                <text>full</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="54">
            <name>Posting</name>
            <description>Whether the contributor gave permission to post this item.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="384309">
                <text>yes</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="55">
            <name>Copyright</name>
            <description>Whether the contributor holds copyright to this item.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="384310">
                <text>yes</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="56">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>The source of this item.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="384311">
                <text>born-digital</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="57">
            <name>Media Type</name>
            <description>The media type of this item.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="384312">
                <text>email</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="59">
            <name>Created by Author</name>
            <description>Whether the author created this item.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="384313">
                <text>yes</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="60">
            <name>Described by Author</name>
            <description>Whether the description of this item was submitted by the author.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="384314">
                <text>no</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="61">
            <name>Date Entered</name>
            <description>The date this item was entered into the archive.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="384315">
                <text>2002-01-15</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
</itemContainer>
