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                  <text>The Independent Press Association (IPA) translates articles from the ethnic press (when necessary) and distributes them via web and fax newsletter to mainstream and ethnic press, government offices, nonprofits, and interested individuals.  Voices That Must be Heard was designed by the Independent Press Association staff in New York City in response to the horrifying events of September 11.  After Sept. 11th, Voices focused on the South Asian, Arab and Middle Eastern communities in New York. Since February 2002, the project has expanded, selecting articles from the broad range of ethnic and community newspapers throughout the city. Here, the Archive has preserved the Voices collection from its inception until November 2002.</text>
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Emergency Medical Services battle rages between private and public</text>
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              <text>There is a war between public and private Emergency Medical Service (EMS) units in the city of New York. 

For-profit ambulances are companies which are loyal to a hospital, not to the public, says Patrick Bahnken, president of the emergency medical technicians and paramedics of Local Union 2507. Bahnken says, Emergency medical services are loyal to the city. For-profit ambulances companies are loyal to profit. He says that for-profit ambulance services were launched in February of this year. Bahnken claims that this is against the City Charter. There was a study conducted on this issue under the watch of former Mayor Lindsey. 

Several private ambulance companies were unavailable for comment.

The public EMS units are required to take a written examination along with extensive training, but private paramedics do not. Private EMS personnel earn more and do not have to physically train for their position. All private ambulance companies are sanctioned by the state of New York. 

It is not fair to us, says New York Fire Department EMS employee Edward Ortiz. Privatizing ambulance service means that the public is at risk while (EMS) employees suffer because we are not getting the pay we should be getting. Ortiz has been with a FDNY EMS unit for seven years and is a delegate for Local Union 2507. 

In order to drive a city-owned ambulance, there is an exam that one must pass, then there is the academy.

Just like the police and fire department, we must go into the academy, says Ortiz.

This academy is Fort Totten Academy in Queens, New York. Private ambulance companies do not put their employees through an academy.

Gerod Allas, a public affairs representative at the Fire Department says, The EMS unit has a high volume in calls. The privates, if anything, are helpful.

Mr. Ortiz does not deny his heavy workload. We get a lot of calls and we cannot be everywhere at once, but private ambulances may come to your aid without proper training. In which case, your life in is danger.

Chris Log, Ortizs partner, says, It is unfair that the privates pay more without physical training. Log has been in the EMS unit for a year. Log continues, The advantage of being with the public (EMS) is that there are good benefits, I will earn civil service status and we will always be here.

When we pick up someone we take em to the nearest hospital, says Bahnken. These (private) ambulance drivers take people to the hospital that is going to pay their check, and it does not necessarily mean to the nearest hospital.

Mr. Ortiz is dedicated to his job and to the people of New York City. I just want what should be fair. If the privates get more money and are state supported then we want more pay. And privates should attend Fort Totten as a state requirement.

Bahnken concludes, There are certain essential services the city must have control over. When you are talking about lives you need one cohesive emergency response system.
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Emergency Medical Services battle rages between private and public</text>
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Kukmin and Nara Bank merger discussed</text>
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              <text>It has been reported that Koreas largest bank, Kukmin, is interested in merging with Nara Bank in order to enter the American banking market. 

Last month, a fact-finding team, led by Kukmins international and administrative directors, met with Hanmi, Nara and Joong Ang Bank officers in Los Angeles to discuss the possibility of mergers. Even though Kukmin is interested in all three banks, it is said to favor Nara Bank because of its strong operations on both coasts.

In discussions between the Kukmin team and Nara Banks President and CEO Benjamin Hong, Kukmins offer was reported at two-and-a-half to three times Naras present market value. Nara Bank is already working with a Kukmin subsidiaryKukmin Cardto issue credit cards. Hong is currently in Korea on this matter. 

Following reports of discussions with Kukmin, Naras stock  rose in one week by 25 percent, from $16 a share. 

Naras U.S. CEO, Thomas Chung, said, Kukmin Bank wants to establish business in America and is looking at ways to purchase a local bank. Well look at any formal offer they make. 

However, the other banks officers said that Kukmins entry would shake the American market. They are extremely sensitive to this issue, which they see as a major deal. 

Huge Korean bankslike Kukminare able to push their way into the American market and purchase any local bank. Kukmin has the financial power to conquer the market by providing competitive service to the American customer, the officers nervously agreed. 

A Saehan Bank employee said that up to now, many Korean banks have tried unsuccessfully to enter the American market. Large Korean banks hoping to enter the American market need to adopt the American system of management. If they adopt local management style, then their competitive power can really shake up the American market.

Hanmi Banks Senior Vice President, Wun Hwa Choi, said, The Korean banking market in Los Angeles has no strong retail base. Even though large Korean banks try to establish themselves locally, they cannot easily achieve competitive power. He is convinced that local banks will be more successful commercially than the new Korean ones. 

Huh Hong Shik, vice president of Joong Ang Bank, said, Management strategy is the key to success for Korean banks entering the American market. He also pointed out that if the Korean banks adapt properly to the local market, they can pose a true threat to American banks.



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Kukmin and Nara Bank merger discussed</text>
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              <text>Miguelito, what hurts most of all is that you are calculating your gains and losses like a street vendor, rather than a mayor. New York is not a product, to sell for a profit.</text>
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              <text>Miguelito:

Forgive me if I call you Miguelito; it's the Spanish nickname for Michael. Calling you Miguelito allows me to speak to you with greater confidence and ease.

When you, disguised as a Republican, won the election by outspending Mark Green, I was fine with it. Though I knew that you were a liberal multimillionaire, a friend to the Clintons whose wallet was always open for the Democratic Party, I believed that you would work harder than Green. After all, Green has spent his entire life aspiring to elected office while letting those around him do all the work.

But Miguelito, from what I can see, you have started to show your claws. The first sign was your story about the deficit and, then, your proposed budget cuts. What about the people whose livelihoods depend on their city jobs, especially now, at a time when jobs are scarce?

Then, something repugnant occurred to you, prompting you to suggest increasing penalties for traffic violations and towing, removing existing tolls from bridges and tunnels and creating tolls where there were none previously. It has also occurred to you to suspend recycling; cut street cleaning; reduce garbage collection; limit overtime hours for firefighters and police officers; slash funds for children, homeless and the arts; and reduce the hours of libraries, museums, zoos, cultural locations and other places of interest in the city.

Miguelito, what hurts most of all is that you are calculating your gains and losses like a street vendor, rather than a mayor. How did you manage to find a multibillion-dollar deficit in the city?s budget when President Bush and practically all of the senators who have visited this city have promised us $21.5 billion in aid?

What is wrong, Miguelito? Are we not to spend the $20 billion on reconstructing and maintaining the city? Why don?t you mention those billions when you cling to cuts in the services and aid the very poorest receive?

Miguelito, remember that a major source of income in this city is tourists, whom you frighten with your cries of poverty and your cuts in public services such as firefighters and police officers. The tourists will decide not to vacation here in New York City. You should also remember that Giuliani, by keeping a strong and active police force and reducing crime, brought in a significant flow of tourists, which has given us a strong economy.

Well, Miguelito, before I end this letter, I would like to tell you to be more careful in what you say and do. This city is not one of your radio stations. It cannot be managed like one of your businesses. New York is not a product, to sell for a profit.

Affectionately,

Fernando F. Rojas </text>
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              <text>Now that the education crisis among African-American youth deepens, it is useful to look at history and try to repeat the good parts. Though we have failing schools and young people with commercialized minds, parents know are making it plain to politicians across the city, that education is where the politicians must make their stand. </text>
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              <text>Now that the education crisis among African-American youth deepens, it is useful to look at history and try to repeat the good parts. The first great mass movement for public education at the expense of the state, in the South, came from Negroes, writes W.E.B. DuBois in Black Reconstruction. It was only the other part of the laboring class, the black folk, who connected knowledge with power; who believed that education was the stepping-stone to wealth and respect, and that wealth without education, was crippled.And it was this demand that was the effective force for the establishment of the public school in the South on a permanent basis, for all people and all classes.

Dr. DuBois goes on to describe the building of schools, school systems and colleges, institutions that lifted the race up out of slavery and through Reconstruction. These were institutions created and run by African-Americans. These were people who counted few blessings, but one of the things these newly freed Africans had on their side was relative solitude. In an environment of land, crops, livestock and family, children could read at night, sometimes aloud to parents, and had only human distractions from lessons. Things are different today. 

The advertising industry in the United States is a $300 billion-dollar business. These billions of dollars spill all over our youth in a constant assault that is scientifically designed to attract their attention. They are joined by the billions spent on movies and videos, and music, the contents of which can be appalling. 

These campaigns are constant and created by very smart people using sound, color, light and texture, and sex whenever they can, to promote products and buying habits that last a lifetime. 

There is such a frenetic intensity to marketing today, it is a wonder that children have any mental time left at all to devote to quaint things such as reading, writing and arithmetic. So it is no surprise that in 2002, at a time when those struggling at the turn of the last century must have thought Africans would surely be scaling the heights of humanity, we have failing schools and young people with commercialized minds, redirected for corporate profit and political control. 

This is not news to the parents, it is an ongoing part of their everyday struggle and they are making it plain to politicians across the city, that this is where the politician is to make their stand. 

Assemblyman Roger Green, chair of the powerful Black, Puerto Rican and Hispanic Caucus, says they are unbending on this issue and hes right. Here is where they work with the governor, the speaker, the mayor and the rest of the legislature, so that first the children are cared for, then they can finish up on their budgets. 

And when the governor, senators or members of Congress appear at events and photo-ops, ask, Have you found more money for education? If the answer is no, ask What are you doing to get it? Make it uncomfortable for them. When they come by the church on Sunday morning, ask them, Have you found the money? Things sure look bad for you if you don't find that money. Don't be embarrassed, God knows they have it. 

Tell them to find it in the prison budget, find it in the military budget, find it in making the tax code and enforcement fair, find it in ending corporate welfare, find it in foreign aid. 

And while they're looking, let's tell Mayor Bloomberg if he wants to be remembered as the education mayor, hed ask Adelaide Sanford to be chancellor for education, appoint a crackerjack administrator, give them the resources they need and get this show on the road. </text>
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              <text>Hollywood has hit Latinos with another sucker punch in this disjointed and undeveloped portrait of a psychopath. Worse than West Side Story, Badge 353 and Fort Apache, Pi?ero takes us on a walk on the wild side of hell without so much as a whisper of the rampant rumors of pedophilia surrounding this twisted, demented sociopath, whom the film celebrates as an icon of Nuyorican creativity.

Miguel Pi?ero appeared on the New York artistic scene in 1974, with the presentation of Short Eyes, a play he wrote in a prison workshop while serving time in Sing Sing for armed robbery.  Presented first by La Familia, then Lincoln Center and Joseph Papps Public Theater, the play became a hit. It won the N. Y. Drama Critics Circle Award for best American play before it was turned into a movie.

The work was about someone who abused boys only to find himself in jail among prisoners who can forgive anything but. Piñero (who always told writers to write what they know, and surely knew this topic as both victim and predator) was tapped by Hollywood to write and act about crime and criminals for shows like Baretta, Miami Vice and others.

The film opens with the multilayered beats of Hector LaVoes salsa pulsating.  The beginning scenes slice through Piñero's black and white past with technical wizardry which masks the lack of infrastructure, stunted script and character development in the quick-paced, eye-blinking, MTV-ish frames.

We see a jive-time hustler spewing smart-alecky street rhymes in jail. We move to a troubled child, beset by poverty and incest. We then see a strung-out junkie in a dope den, pimping the talent that took him out of jail. Then were back to his mother, holding onto five children and calmly telling the father to leave, after witnessing his rape of her eldest son. Welcome to the avant-garde.

Actor Benjamin Bratts total possession of Piñeros spirit, however, is brilliant, electrifying and shocking. Bratt breaks through his previous papi chulo roles, bringing Piñero to life as vividly as the heroin that danced with Mikey through decadent degradation and debauchery. Like a lightweight boxer, Bratt pounces and punches his posse with words heard only in the deepest and most desperate layer of urban subculture.

I have to keep doing bad to keep the writing good, is how Piñero justifies his anti-social behavior.  But his writing was never all that to begin with. The topic of pedophile-as-underdog has been done many times over. The Quare Fellow, Brendon Behan's play about an imprisoned child molester murdered by his fellow inmates was produced here in New York before Short Eyes. And while Piñero's poetic rhetoric spoke of strength against the oppressor and societys hypocrisy, his soul was corrupted by his total weakness and enslavement to drugs and dereliction.

There were moments of lucidity as the Puerto Rican/Nuyorican poets encounter each other. Piñero comes face to face with Puerto Rican scholars on the Island who repudiate his art and lifestyle.  Piñero, the defiantly cool captive of his own dysfunction, outs the colonized slavery of the Islands academia as a sanctimonious identity not their own. By contrast, the scene where Piñeros play is presented by Papp to a packed audience is telling.  In his moment of triumph, Piñero shows his ass to the world. The sun was not always shining for this cool dude.

In his sickness and arrogance, Piñero never recognized his self-described junkie Christ as anti-Christ. Even in death, his unholy alliance with mainstream American media once again contemptuously maligns the hard working, self-sacrificing Latino artistic community that rises above its horrific childhood traumas to create works of true literary insight, craft and artistry as legacy of our pride and courage. Understandably, sensationalized commercial films sell tickets, but for a community still invisible on the screen, marginalized in society and misunderstood by its neighbors, this is one more attempt to show only the pus-infected canker sores of a debauched existence.

On some deeper level, maybe Piñero knew he was being patronized and displayed like a curious monkey with humanlike qualities by the cultural elite who saw him more as freak than peer. He may be laughing right now at how, in death, he can still steal ten dollars from everyone who sees his film.

The absence of real female characters in this contorted macho nightmare flies in the face of the founding of the Nuyorican Poets Café.  The Café was founded on the poems of Sandra Maria Esteves, one of the cultural warriors of the Nuyorican frontline never mentioned in this hallucination. Neither are other worthy soldiers such as Victor Hernandez Cruz, Papoleto, Eddie Figueroa, Tato LaViera, el Coco que Habla, et al. But it's just as well. Even comic John Leguizamo refused to play the role after he researched Piñeros life. ¡Vaya Juanito!

Clearly many of the new breed of poets look to the Nuyorican Poets Cafe as an alternative showcase for literary voices that relate to our reality. And there are many who answered the calling. Piñero was not one of them. And to claim that this was the precursor to hip hop and rap when The Last Poets had already carved a role as political griots of that particular social shift in time is bogus indeed.

This is not a film to take a sensitive young artist to. Nor is it a portrait of an exemplary Latino talent that survived New York's dark reality. This is a film that celebrates the reckless life of someone who was abused by his father, let down by his mother and everyone around him; a deviant who crashed and burned under the weight of living taking a few down with him. Some hero.

The Puerto Rican Legal Defense Fund, the Institute of Puerto Rican Policy and the National Hispanic Media Coalition presented the community screening I attended. The Village Seven Theater was packed with community leaders from the arts, education, social services and politics. The applause for the movies spokespeople, Miguel Algarin, Giancarlo Esposito, Nelson Vasquez and Tim Williams was lukewarm.

Questions about Hollywoods spotlight on negative Latino images and incest were glibly and smugly shrugged off or totally ignored by Algarin, who displayed the same self-delusional aplomb and cockiness as the film's protagonist. The response was polite curiosity from the crowd. But once everyone dispersed outside, the consensus was transparent. Miguelthe emperor has no clothes.
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              <text>The Senegalese community in America is mobilizing to meet the challenges posed by the worst ferry disaster in Africa, as well as one of the worst in the world. The Senegalese ferry, Le Joola, capsized in a treacherous storm off the coast of Gambia on Sept. 26. Officially, there were 1,034 passengers and crew on board, but the figure does not include children under the age of five who did not need to be ticketed. Of the 1,034, approximately 60 passengers survived. Most of those people who died were school children and students returning from vacation in the Casamance region to school in Dakar.

To support and ease the loss of many families, the government has already set up a national solidarity account. The U.S. Embassy of Senegal has decided to join in the effort and is organizing information, support, and aid in the United States. A book of condolences is available to sign at the embassy. All other condolences and donations are also welcomed.

The Consul-General of Senegal in New York, Amadou Bocoum, whose offices are in Harlem on 125th Street, has already consulted with the Senegalese community in the New York region to mobilize them to assist the victims and their families back in Senegal. He held a meeting with members of the Senegalese community on Oct. 6, and he has promised to inform the African Sun Times about what the community is planning to do.

In reaction to the tragedy, the new President of the powerful Senegalese Association in New York, Mr. Falou Goeye, expressed the anguish of the Senegalese community over the tragedy. We are extremely sad of what has happened to our kith and kin in Senegal, the loss of a thousand lives. It is a terrible tragedy.  On behalf of the Senegalese community in America, Goeye expressed his profound and deepest sympathies to the victims and victims families, and called on the government to do everything to assist those families, as well as begin an authentic investigation of how this tragedy came about. He expressed the same sentiment echoing in the Senegalese community that the ferry was not fit to ply the waters, let alone carry that twice the number that the ferry was authorized to carry. 

The addresses below are where you can send a contribution to those affected:

Embassy of Senegal
2112 Wyoming Avenue
Washington D.C. 20008
Phone: 202.234.0540 or
202.234.0541
Fax: 202.332.6315

Consulate-General of Senegal in New York
271 West 125th Street
New York, NY 10027
Phone: 917.493.8950 
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Rene Lobo, a familiar face for many in the South Asian community, is the latest to announce her candidacy. A TV anchor and India Day Parade emcee for several years, Lobo, a Republican candidate and an employee of the Queens District Attorneys office, is running for the District 28 Assembly seat, which covers Rego Park, Elmhurst and Forest Hills areas. 

Lobo told News India-Times that she was aware of the tough job ahead, But I have a very good chance of winning. She cited two main reasons for her confidence. One is that several registered Republican voters reside in the constituency, which is the outcome of a recent redistricting. And the second: Governor George Pataki and I will be campaigning together, which will help me win. 
Describing herself, Lobo said, You can call me a liberal Republican with the conservative ideals of a Democrat. 

While Lobo has only one opponent, a Democrat, John (Prakash) Albert currently faces five rivals in New Yorks 22nd District (Flushing). They include Queens librarian and Democrat, Ethel Chen, who is hoping she will be fourth time lucky after three unsuccessful bids. Also in the fray are Democratic county designee Barry Grodenchick, businessman Jimmy Meng, Evergreen Chou of the Green Party and Democrat Richard Jannaccio. 

At a press conference organized by Danniel Maio, a Republican candidate from Manhattan, to introduce this years Asian candidates, Chen, who is still unhappy with the Democratic Party supporting a machine-picked candidate (Liu) last year, told News India-Times that she was confident she would win this time. 

Albert claimed My chances of winning are as good as the rest in the race. He said he was a young candidate, with the freshest ideas and best experience as a lobbyist in Albany. Another promising candidate is the Indo-Guyanese Dr. Taj Rajkumar, a Democrat who is running for Assembly from District 31 (Richmond Hill), which has a concentration of Indian and Indo-Caribbean voters. 

Currently, the priority of these candidates of Indian origin is to make their presence known in their districts while raising funds to battle heavyweights in the political arena. As these candidates get ready for the primaries, another Indian-American, Uma Sengupta, has been shortlisted as a candidate for a Democratic Party position. </text>
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              <text>A New York Asian American Network for Cancer Awareness, Research and Training conference focused on cancer prevention and research.Asian Pacific Islander (API) health data that is collected on a national level often masks the problems that South Asians in New York City face, Nadia Islam told &lt;i&gt;Desi Talk.&lt;/i&gt; 
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              <text>About 64 percent of South Asians in Queens have no health insurance, according to a study by the New York Asian American Network for Cancer Awareness, Research and Training (NYAANCART), the results of which were presented at a conference titled Asian Americans and Health: Meeting the Needs of Our Growing Community. The conference was organized by NYAANCART at the New York Hospital, Queens, on March 5. 

The results of the survey on health issues concerning the South Asian and the Korean community were presented by Simona Kwon, project director for NYAANCART, who said that 355 surveys were conducted at health fairs, cultural events, religious institutions and senior centers for South Asians. 

The mean age of the South Asian respondents was 41 and the average income was $20,000-$28,000. Kwon said the study indicated that 70 percent of the South Asians surveyed said that they had forgone needed health care because of the costs, during the past 12 months. 

The report stated that South Asian women who had lived in the United States for less than 10 years were less likely to have ever had a Pap smear than those who had lived here for longer. According to the report, 18 percent of South Asians surveyed believed cancer was contagious and 46 percent of them believed that getting cancer was a matter of fate. 

NYAANCART is a National Cancer Institute-funded project based at the Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University. The main aim of the network is to broaden and expand community-based cancer control and prevention activities, as well as encourage greater participation by members of Asian communities in cancer research initiatives. 

A number of South Asians are members of the network, including Navneet Kathuria, Habibul Ahsan, Nadia Islam, Naseem Zojwalla, Anu Gupta and Kavita Mariwalla. 

The conference included a variety of presentations on health issues concerning Asian Americans, with a focus on cancer prevention and research. 

Asian Pacific Islander (API) health data that is collected on a national level often masks the problems that South Asians in New York City face, Nadia Islam, South Asian community outreach coordinator for NYAANCART, told Desi Talk. 

There are several reasons for this. First, South Asians are often not represented in national data. Second, most health research on Asian Americans is conducted in California, where the API community is quite demographically different than the community in New York City. For example, in comparing rates of health insurance among Asians, we found that more than 60 percent percent of our South Asian sample was uninsured in New York City. 

Data from California, however, indicates that only 11 percent of the Asian Pacific community is uninsured. It is very important, therefore, that more research is conducted in the South Asian community in general, as well as the New York City South Asian community in particular. A case study on New York City taxi drivers health, sponsored by the New York Taxi Workers Alliance (NYTWA) and NYAANCART, found that 77 percent of them were uninsured because it was not offered through the job, the high cost and the perceived lack of need. The results of this study, which surveyed 183 drivers, were presented by Bhairavi Desai of NYTWA and Islam of NYAANCART. The study said that the 30 percent of the taxi drivers were Indian, 35 percent were Pakistani and 19 percent were Bangladeshi. Their mean age is 36 and 73 percent of them are married. About 23 percent of taxi drivers in New York City have never had a medical check-up and about 20 percent have not had a check-up within the past 12 months, the study found. The top health concerns for taxi drivers are lower back pain, heart disease, blood pressure, diabetes and smoking. 

The survey found that taxi drivers said they were under a lot of stress, with 52 percent of them reporting daily stress and 20 percent reporting stress a few times a week. In another presentation, Marcus Loo, clinical director of NYAANCART, said that cancer was the leading cause of death among Asian Americans under 50. 

Overall, however, Asian Americans had a lower incidence of cancer when compared to white Americans and African Americans. The incidence of cancer among Asian Americans was 279 per 100,000 people, while African Americans had a rate of 445 per 100,000 people and white Americans had a rate of 402 per 100,000 people, said Loo. He also said that lung cancer and smoking rates among Asian Americans were less than that of white Americans. Asian American women had the lowest breast cancer and Pap test screening rates compared with any other racial or ethnic group in the United States, noted Loo. </text>
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              <text>I dont know who Khalilah is.  I do know my name means friend, but what exactly does that mean?  There is Khalilah the friend, the student, the chef, the poet and the daughter, but theres still a part of me I am searching to figure out. Now after September 11th, people are questioning the part of me I thought I knew, and Im finding it extremely hard to figure out who I am. 
When I was thirteen, I realized that being an African-American Muslim teenager in New York isnt easy. I have to deal with silly stereotypes about Black Muslim people, like we all eat bean pies and the men all wear bow ties. At the same time, I had to deal with stereotypes about African-Americans, such as the assumption that we are ignorant, lazy and untrustworthy.
Growing up, I always knew I was different from other children. I couldnt wear shorts or short sleeved shirts. I had to cover my hair and I couldnt eat pork. None of those things bothered me because I was always around people who knew what being Muslim was about. As a young girl I never questioned who I was and what I stood for. All I knew was that I was an African-American Muslim, and I was proud of that. 
After the tragedy at the World Trade Center, many Muslims were persecuted because of their religion. People who do not understand it even called Islam the religion of the devil and said that all Muslims should be destroyed. I love and believe in my religion but it has been difficult defending it every day to people who really dont care and who have already formed their own opinions. 
From the ripe age of nine until I was sixteen, I attended the Al-Iman school, a Muslim school located in Jamaica, Queens. Though other Muslims surrounded me, I was the only African-American Muslim student in the entire high school until I reached the 11th grade. Even though I had another African-American student with me at that point, I still felt alone. I was with children and young adults from Bangladesh and Pakistan who shared similar cultures, food and clothes. The girls sat in class and talked about different Indian actors and I felt lost, not knowing how to connect to them. I was closed in by traditions that werent mine, and I was unable to express myself verbally.
Trying to find that place where I could express myself, I joined TRUCE (a nonprofit organization in Harlem serving youth around the city). At TRUCE, I am able to express myself through writing, video and art.  I participated in a group called Bright Lights, which was made up of teenagers from all around the metropolitan area and from different ethnic and cultural backgrounds.  With the help of TRUCE supervisors, we made a documentary film that went on to win six awards. One of the main points expressed in the documentary concerned the different roles religion plays in our lives and how teenagers define religion and spirituality as their safe havens. Answering these questions was difficult because I never asked them of myself until I joined TRUCE and began making documentary films. 
I felt that if I was asking teenagers these same questions I should be able to answer them myself, but I was wrong. I believe questions such as these take years, sometimes a lifetime, to figure out. Now I am going into my senior year with a better sense of who I am, an intelligent, eloquent, beautiful African-American young Muslim girl. 

&lt;i&gt;Harlem Overheard is a youth-produced newspaper run by TRUCE (The RheedlenUniversity for Community Education).&lt;/i&gt;</text>
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              <text>Speculation is mounting within the Irish community that the Irish government will invest significant funding into U.S.-based immigrant advice centers as part of a worldwide strategy to cater to the concerns of Irish citizens abroad.

The U.S. branch of a task force set up by the Irish government in October, will submit a report this week to the government advising them that the needs of Irish communities across America are not being met with current resources. 

New York-based radio host Adrian Flannelly, one of the two members of the U.S. branch, told the Irish Voice that the immigrant community hoped their report would be received favorably.

For years we as immigrant advocates have been working on a shoestring trying to bring information to those who left Ireland for various reasons, Flannelly said. One of these is to let people who left Ireland under forced immigration in 1950s, know that as Irish citizens they have entitlements they know nothing about, entitlements they do not have in America.

These are retirement-age people who have things in Ireland they cannot get here. We are encouraging the Irish government to understand that while we appreciate all they have done, we need more money to facilitate more resources to inform the immigrant community about their status in the eyes of their country of birth, he added. 

Getting the Irish government to take such concerns seriously has been a major step forward for Flannelly and his fellow task force member Monsignor James Murray, founder of Project Irish Outreach at the Archdiocese of New York.

Immigration advice for the Irish community has traditionally come from voluntary groups with small budgets and limited resources. Just getting them to realize they need to listen is huge, and we expect at the end of the summer at the very least, more funding to become available to the immigrant community, Flannelly said. </text>
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              <text>The official from the Italian Federation of Public Concerns was frank: among the 12,000 Italian restaurants that exist in the United States, a meager 10-15 percent can be categorized as authentic. The others, he emphasized, have in some way encroached upon the name, and behind the Italian Restaurant sign, theres a little of everything, or sometimes, theres nothing. The Italian government will survey every Italian restaurant and award some certificates announcing their authenticity. </text>
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              <text>White truffles, the Piedmontese diamonds, have arrived in New York. In addition to bringing these rare fruits of the earth here from the town of Alba, Italy, the promoters have come with an initiative aimed at guaranteeing the authenticity of Italian restaurants. 

This initiative, as explained yesterday to the American press, is based upon a plan to give a stamp of authenticity for Italian cuisine throughout the world. The initiative was launched a month ago by the Italian Ministry of Agricultural Policy. It was presented by the president of Confcommercio (Italys General Confederation for Commerce, Tourism, and Services), Sergio Billè. Billè was accompanied by Ferruccio Dardanello, president of the Chamber of Commerce of Cuneo, Italy, Edi Sommariva, president of FIPE (the Italian Federation of Public Concerns), and Roberto Luongo, director of ICE (the Institute for the Promotion of Foreign Trade) of New York. 

Luongo called the initiative, which will protect the logo Made in Italy, as one of the most important plans for promoting Italian food and wines. He rattled off numbers characterizing Italian exports to the United States in the amount of $270 billion, of which 12 percent is derived from the Piedmont region.

The initiative to protect Italian foods and wines was launched on the occasion of presenting the restaurant Le Cirque with some Piedmontese diamonds, some of the most beloved and coveted products of Italian cuisine. 

The launching of this promotional campaign for Piedmontese truffles and wine, organized by ICE and the Piedmontese authorities, provided a forum for explaining to American food and wine professionals the program. They announced the creation of an official system to protect and safeguard restaurants outside of Italy that attempt to style themselves after true Italian cuisine and culture. 

The general director of FIPE, Edi Sommariva, was frank: among the 12,000 Italian restaurants that exist in the United States, a very meager 10-15 percent can be categorized as authentic. The others, he emphasized, have in some way encroached upon the name, and behind the Italian Restaurant sign, theres a little of everything, or sometimes, theres nothing. The federation that Sommariva directs counts 67,000 restaurants in Italy, and almost as many restaurants define themselves as Italian throughout the rest of the world. 

We live in a global village in which Italy seeks to assert itself through its restaurants, which would be the ambassadors of Made in Italy, of authenticity and quality. In New York there are 1,800 Italian restaurants, but how many are genuine? asked Sommariva, rhetorically.

He explained that 10 to 15 percent of New Yorks Italian restaurants have encroached upon the Italian name, provoking uncertainty among consumers. The federation will conduct a census of restaurants which claim to be Italian. For the 12,000 restaurants from coast to coast, the moment has arrived for unmasking the imposters and rewarding and recognizing those that are genuine. The census will get under way this year in the United States, and by 2004, signs of certification will begin to appear at the entrances of those Italian restaurants found to be authentic.

Billè explained that the plan will also allow for a more solid bond to be forged between Italy and its restaurants throughout the world. He determined that it is high time for this initiative. We will succeed in playing a part in the global village if we manage to transfer to it our immense patrimony, which has to do with the quality of life. We must change strategies, promoting not only authentic Italian foods within the certified restaurants, but also the gastronomical traditions and the excitements of Italian culture. 

Dardanello observed, the truffle is one of Italys great treasures, and is coveted all over the world, and for this reason the Piedmontese diamonds will also be certified. Today, the presentation of the truffles from Alba and the Piedmontese wines comes to the Theater District, the neighborhood of the famous Barbetta Restaurant, at the end of a few days in which the Piedmontese Tuber Magnatum Pico (as the white truffles are known in Latin) have been the Big Apples stars. 

The initiative was also recently presented on the West Coast in San Francisco, where a real, exciting truffle hunt was carried out under the Golden Gate, where the truffles were strategically placed. </text>
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              <text>For over roughly half a century, Haitians have fled to America to escape the dictatorship and misery of their homeland. The still-young Haitian community in the United States, divided over its attachment to its homeland and ambivalent about the model of American life, continues to search for an identity.</text>
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              <text>Over roughly a half century, more than two million Haitians have either found refuge or were born in the United States.  America is the first place Haitians turn to as they flee the dictatorship in and misery of their homeland, the poorest in the West.

Although the Haitian community has been established in the United States since the 1960s, its racial roots on the continent date back to the 18th century.  Wealthy French merchants, who regularly traveled to the American colonies  Louisiana, South Carolina, New Orleans  customarily brought their Haitian slaves with them, some of whom decided to stay.  Later, after the Haitian Revolution in 1804, many Haitian servants chose to join their old masters in America.

Massive immigration to the United States did not begin until the 1960s, when refugees fled Jean-Claude (Papa Doc) Duvalier and his regime of persecution.  Doctors, lawyers, teachers, agronomists, and accountants began to settle on the East Coast.  In New York, they chose to live in Harlem, around Columbia University.  A middle class Haitian immigrant community gradually formed.  New York was the promised land of milk and honey, recounted a smiling Garry Pierre-Pierre, editor-in-chief of the Haitian Times, New Yorks only English-language Haitian news weekly, who arrived in the United States at the age of eight and later married an American.  Back home, photos circulated of those who had succeeded here.  They were dressed in the American style, proudly posing in front of their cars, symbols of their social status, said the journalist, trying to convince those who had not yet taken the step to emigrate.

Yet in the 1990s, immigration became more difficult.  This is when the first boat people reached the American coast, a phenomenon that continued up until Oct. 29, when 229 people requesting political asylum landed in Miami after an eight-hour voyage in precarious conditions.  At the same time, the economic profile of those who immigrated grew poorer, with country farmers increasingly being the ones who wanted to get to America.  Community centers, which didnt exist in the 1980s, multiplied in response to the demand, providing help for new immigrants filling out official forms and adapting to the American way of life.  At schools during recess, children of first-generation Haitian immigrants made fun of newcomers. Likewise, the gap widened between those who were born here (more than half) or arrived as young children and had been Americanized by virtue of the educational system, and the others, who often still considered themselves in exile, expecting to return to their country.  

Such a return has proved more and more difficult given the current bogged-down state of affairs in Haiti.  Since 80 percent are American citizens, out of necessity, the Haitian community has seen to it that its people have become more sophisticated, explained Pierre-Pierre, so that they better understand the country where they live and the way their community functions. A few years ago, if I went to a local hairdresser, for example, and encouraged him to apply for American citizenship in order to vote, he didnt understand.  Today I see that theres been a lot of progress and its going to continue.  Its inevitable.  It is the mission of Haitian Times, explains the journalist, to be the bridge that connects directly into the heart of the Haitian-American community. 

As in all diasporic communities, the goal is to achieve a balance between attachment to ones native country and its traditions, which can be very strong for recent immigrants, and integration into ones adopted country.  And, taking into account the uniqueness of the Haitian community, he says we must create for ourselves a new identity.  We are black but we speak French.  This makes us exotic but also certainly odd.  Added to this are the thorny problems of relations between Haitian-Americans and African-Americans.  There is peaceful coexistence in New York but relations are tense in Florida, where Haitians dont hesitate to make their voices heard, and are frequently compelled to bring up immigration problems.  Between 1990 and 1999 the Haitian population there has more than doubled, growing from 385,000 to approximately 820,000.

Divided, essentially, between New York (approxamately 841,000), Florida, New Jersey (133,000), and Massachusetts (78,000) and extending south, particularly to Texas (24,000) and west to California (10,300), the Haitian community is still very close-knit. Like most ethnic groups, it has its restaurants, stores, numerous shops for religious articles and media outletsthree French and one English-language weekly newspapers, several radio stations broadcasting in Creole and French and local television programs.  But, more and more, its tending to open itself to the outside world.  Everyone knows one another, explains Garry Pierre-Pierre.  With our community centers, our churches as well as our media, we have many occasions to be together.  But in our progression from being a community of exiles to one of immigrants, we are taking steps towards more interaction with non-Haitians.  When our children go to school, we must meet the principal  In this way, daily life obliges us to go outside of our community.

Proof of this is evident in the socio-professional distribution of the Haitian community.  There is a significant Haitian presence not only in health-related fields, the most respected professions in this culture, but also in education and financial services.  In New York State, Haitian doctors represent one third of all black doctors despite the much larger number of African-Americans.  On the national level, Haitians account for almost 5,000 doctors and more than 10,000 engineers.  Today 41 percent of Haitian nationals between the ages of 25 and 60 have university degrees.  According to analysts, that figure should grow considerably over the course of the next 20 years.

In politics, Haitians are not idle, with several elected representatives in the northeast and in Florida: Marie St.-Fleur has been a state representative in Massachusetts since 1999, and Philip Brutus has been a state representative in Florida since 2000.  As the number of political participants from the heart of the Haitian community increases, they are happily courted by Republicans and Democrats alike.  Gubentorial candidates Carl McCall and George Pataki both made visits to Haitian-Americans in Flatbush, Brooklyn during the election campaign.  This political courting can take place anywhere, even in church.  There, Haitians, traditionally devout Catholics, find themselves en masse on any given Sunday in a place which offers spiritual as well as social nourishment.  A community in which the slight majority vote Democratic, according to observers, Haitians seem convinced that this party is most favorable to them, particularly on matters of immigration.  

The images of boat people throwing themselves into the water upon arrival at the Miami waterfront last month was on the minds of many this past November 5th.  Haitians are politically liberal and socially conservative, qualified Garry Pierre-Pierre, who regrets that few Haitians go to the polls.  In order to heighten his readers awareness, his newspaper insists that, in voting, residents can demand accountability from their government on matters of education, housing, garbage collection, road repairs and hospitals.  This lack of interest in American politics can be explained by a reluctance to adapt to the American way of life and its political system, but also by a certain firmly-rooted bitterness in the minds of many Haitians.

Expressing his feelings regarding the isolation of this old French colony, wounded not only by history, but also by the chaos that currently reigns there, Pierre-Pierre laments, It took 80 years for the United States to recognize Haiti, the first independent black country, as a nation.  Other countries didnt take as long to recognize us.  And today, Israël Camille and Odatte Ronel, his colleagues at Radio Lakay, a radio station which broadcasts in French and Creole via the Internet, agreed with that sentiment, regretting that Western nations have punished Haiti by declaring a de facto embargo.  The World Bank and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) have, indeed, called for the establishment of true democratic process in order for economic aid to resume.  For their part, in 2000 the United States suspended anallocation of US$500,000 which had been earmarked for multilateral aid.

In a community where return to the homeland remains an ever-present objective, the French language continues to play a unifying role.  If those who are more Americanized have somewhat neglected French in favor of English, the language of integration, and have worked hard to make their children trilingual, the language of Molière continues to be used, often mixed in with Creole and English in conversations among friends.  The three francophone weekly newspapers (Haïti Progrès, Haïti en Marche and Haïti Observateur), the many radio stations that broadcast a large number of their programs in French, and the Haitian literature available in French bookstores contribute to keeping French language at the heart of the Haitian community.  When I was in college, I was called  Frenchy.  The girls always asked me to speak in French, mused Garry Pierre-Pierre.

For others, particularly those whose children were born and have gone to school in the United States, English has replaced French.  However, memories of Haiti are never far away.  Back home, the official language, French, is the language not only of the government but particularly of the elite, used by those in power in order to divide the classes, reminds Pierre-Pierre.  If attachment to the French language seems at times far off, Haitians claim to have a state of mind close to that of the former colonists in their native land.  To our way of thinking, we are French, analyzes the journalist  very dogmatic, intellectualizing a lot, culturally very arrogant and proud of our way of viewing the world  

Still young, the Haitian community in the United States, composed of four generations with different pasts, divided over its attachment to its homeland, its French language and ambivalent to the model of American life, continues to search for an identity.
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              <text>Princess Ijenwa, a Nigerian-American resident in New Jersey rooting to run for the Nigerian Federal Legislature in 2003. Ijenwa is a well-educated, urbane and articulate lady who wants to occupy the Ika Federal Constituency of Delta state in the House of Representatives. Ijenwa symbolizes the ambivalence Nigerians living abroad provoke back home. They are loved for their American dollars, but feared in the political arena because they could disrupt to the status quo. 
In a little-noticed law passed last month, the Nigerian Legislature disqualified all Nigerians holding dual citizenshiplike Ikenwafrom contesting for any political post in Nigeria. To show its contempt for Nigerians living abroad, the legislature also prohibited an absentee ballot proposal that would have allowed Nigerians in the USA, Canada and Europe to vote in the countrys national election. 
The legislature did this without consideration for the estimated $200 million that Nigerians in the USA alone sent home last year.
I have instructed my lawyers to challenge this undemocratic law in the courts in Abuja, Ijenwa told African Abroad during her hugely successful fundraiser in Irvington, New Jersey. Ijenwa said that as a Nigerian, she is eminently qualified to run for any office in Nigeria. There is so much suffering and want in Nigeria, and I am ready to liberate my people from bad government.
If the law goes unchallenged, a lot of Nigerian-Americans hoping to contest for governorship or senatorial offices may have their hopes dashed. In this category are Professor Olayiwola Adedeji of Medgar Evers College in Brooklyn NY, who wants to run for the governorship of the state of Ogun under the auspices of the Peoples Democratic Party (PDP); Otunba Tai Balofin, publisher of the US African Eye who wants to run for Ondo state governorship under the PDP; Dr. Dairo, who wants to lead Ogun state under the Alliance for Democracy (AD); and Chief Jumoke Pgunkeyed, chair of the NY-based United Committee to Save Nigeria, who is a leading candidate for Osun State governors lodge. Those who have escaped the hammer include Elder Amadin Omede, chairman of the NY-based Sammed Protective Services, who is running for Chairmanship (Mayoralty) of the Oredo local council of Edo state. Omede is a permanent resident of the United States. 
The constitution of Nigeria appears to support the position taken by the legislature. According to chapter iv, section 66 (1) of the constitution, No person shall be qualified for election to Senate or the House of Representatives if, (a) subject to the provisions of section 28 of this constitution, he has voluntarily acquired the citizenship of a country other than Nigeria or, except in such cases as may be prescribed by the National Assembly, has made a declaration of allegiance to such a country. For the position of governor, section 182 also disqualifies any Nigerian who holds dual citizenship, while such people cannot also contest for the Presidency of the country.
Ironically, chapter 111 of the Nigerian constitution allows for dual citizenship. provided citizens are Nigerians by birth. Section 28 (1) states that, Subject to the other provisions of this section, a person shall forfeit forthwith his Nigerian citizenship if, not being a citizen of Nigeria by birth he acquires or retains the citizenship of Nationality of a country, other than Nigeria, of which he is not a citizen by birth.
The move to disenfranchise Nigerians with dual citizenship has kicked up a storm in the United States, where many are gearing up to return home to contest for the various polls in 2003. 
Polly Ubah, chairman of the New Jersey PDP chapter, condemned the move. How do you ask Nigerian professionals to return home to help in reconstruction, while at the same time downgrading them to the position of second-class citizens? asked Ubah. 
According to a political analyst, the ban on dual citizens political participation will backfire as many become disillusioned and give up on the country. 
President Olusegun Obesanjo raised the hopes of Nigerians living abroad when he formed the Nigerians in the Diaspora Organization (NIDO) in Washington, D.C., last year through Professor Jibril Aminu, the countrys ambassador to the United States. Apparently, the Nigerian Legislature and the constitution do not share Obasanjos enthusiasm about luring Nigerian professionals in North America and Europe back home to help in the rebuilding process. 
Sources told African Abroad that two different groups are also headed to the courts to challenge the new electoral law. The first group is led by Professor Aluko, chairman of the Washington, D.C.-based Nigerian Democratic Movement (NDM), who has contacted Attorney Olisa Agbakoba, a Senior Advocate of Nigeria (SAN). The second is Chief Jumoke Ogunkeyed, of the NY-based United Committee to Save Nigeria. Both have promised to put their efforts toward changing the electoral law ousting Nigerians with dual citizenship from the political process. 
Additional reports by Ifiemi Ombu.

&lt;i&gt;African Abroad covers news of Africans in the United States and the African continent from Brooklyn. &lt;/i&gt;
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              <text>It is estimated that in New York City there are 250,000 domestic workers, working for families with annual incomes of more than $100,000. Cleaning is hard work, and right now the wages are not adequate, Alejandra says.</text>
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              <text>When called for a job, Alejandra Garcia gets up fully energized, earlier than usual. She wears sporty clothes and her most comfortable shoes. Alejandra, 34, cleans her employers homes before her own. She is a domestic employee whose weekly salary ranges from $50 to $200, depending on the number of clients who call her.

It is estimated that in New York City there are 250,000 domestic workers, working for families with annual incomes of more than $100,000. But there are many who work for agencies, for $5 an hour. Cleaning is hard work, and right now the wages are not adequate, Alejandra says. Like any other professional, she controls her own hours. It is the clients who work around my days, she declares.

She prepares breakfast and lunch baskets for her family, then she prepares herself to clean, mop, wash, and scour the homes of her clients. When she heads back home, she takes care of her own chores. Fortunately, she says, her husband is not that demanding. If I give him beans, he eats beans: if there are only eggs he eats eggs. She also counts on his financial support. If it werent for his job as a waiter, they would not survive.

In getting to their modest apartment, two blocks from the Queensboro Bridge, one realizes what good shape Alejandra is in. The building does not have an elevator so one must climb five flights of stairs.

In apartment 5D, everything is clean and in order. The floors of this friendly ladys house shine like a mirror.   Walking through the sparkling hallway one sees her bedroom, filled with a collection of stuffed animals. Next door is her 14-year-old daughters bedroom, the walls covered with posters of Britney Spears, the Backstreet Boys and other pop stars. After that is the living room, home to her husbands collection of toy cars of all models and sizes. The only place free from a collection of some sort is the kitchen, which is mostly white and clean.

Like Alejandra and her husband, many other Mexican immigrants face heavy work loads every day. But Alejandra  did not have such long hours in Mexico; there she use to take care of her baby and do pedicures and manicures in homes, for three dollars each.

Here in New York, the nature of her job forces her to enter strangers homes. With some clients, she has established relationships and has unintentionally entered their private lives. Sometimes she serves as their carnalita (confidante). They speak to me about their husbandsif they are having affairs or not! 

She visits her favorite clients twice a week. First, she takes care of household chores, then of the beauty needs of the lady of the house, such as Mexican-style manicures and pedicures. Sometimes she even dyes their hair. 

Most, but certainly not all, of her clients are Hispanic. Some of them wait for her to share breakfast; others dont even offer her a glass of water. At some jobs she feels at home. I arrange things the way I want to and I do not think it bothers them since they do not tell me to stop. Others jobs are very unpleasant. Things are really dirty and you need to scrub. I do not know how they can live like that. I know they pay me to clean but there are some personal things that one must take care of she said.

She remembers when her daughter was young, she use to babysit two babies and take the trash out of a six story building. I used to do everything really fast. When my husband came home, the house was clean, there was stew and I had even taken a shower, she said.

After marrying her husband, Alejandra hopes to receive residency status and get a new job. But for now she will continue doing what she calls her heavy work load. </text>
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              <text>The situation for two day laborers from Farmingdalewho were nearly killed two years ago when two white men attacked themseems to be looking up. 

Thanks to the hard work of activists like Irma Solis of the Center for Labor Rights (CDL), about 15 day laborers from Farmingdale have received diplomas after finishing courses in English and labor rights. They celebrated their triumph at Eisenhower Park with a barbecue and music in the company of the activist from CDL.

But some of the people defending the laborers want to go further. We dont want the workers to waste their time while waiting for someone to hire them, said Gabriel Martinez of the organization HOLA. We want them to learn a trade such as carpentry, plumbing and others so they can have more opportunities to progress.

The organization HOLA is run by a group of professionals dedicated to helping the day laborers of Farmingdale. They helped designate a single location where many laborers wait for contractors to hire them to do some yard work, construction and other activities. HOLA is working with members from Citizens For Viable Solutions who considered finding the site a great triumph. About 150 laborers use the site, avoiding protests from the neighbors. 

This is a great victory, said activist Janet Liotta, who worked with Patricia and Leo Marcotte, Mari Zirkal and Michael Grillo to advocate the laborers rights to Farmingdale Mayor Joseph Trudden.

Last year, groups that oppose the presence of day laborers in Long Island organized anti-immigrant meetings in California, Chicago, Pennsylvania and other states, demanding that the Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) raid laborers waiting on corners for work.</text>
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              <text>The government in Ottawa is charging that the Bush Administrations new security requirements to screen Canadian immigrants from many countries but not those from white Dominion areas are blatant racism and class warfare. Jamaicans, Trinidadians, Guyanese, Bajans, Grenadians, Antiguans and others are wondering about outcomes that can affect West Indians and Africans who have made Canada their home away from home. </text>
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              <text>Ordinarily, many of the disputes between the U.S. and Canada dont catch and hold the attention of West Indians living in the various provinces of the Dominion of Canada. 

But Jamaicans, Trinidadians, Guyanese, Bajans, Grenadians, Antiguans and others are sitting up and wondering about the outcome of a serious battle being waged by the two neighbors that can affect West Indians and indeed Africans who have made Canada their home away from home.

Its a fight over who in Canada should be forced to secure U.S. immigration visas if they plan to enter the United States. The government in Ottawa is charging the Bush Administration in Washington with blatant racism and class warfare and emotions are getting charged with few people betting on the eventual outcome.

The dispute centers on a plan by the U.S. Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) to force some Commonwealth citizens, especially those from the black nations in the Caribbean and Africa to acquire U.S. visas before they can enter the United States. The proposed rule would apply to the West Indians and the Africans who are landed immigrants in Canada, meaning that they have acquired Canadian citizenship, or are permanent residents and have gone through a rigid screening process.

I am annoyed by this, said Denis Coderre, Canadas immigration minister. I have to go to Washington on Nov. 15. I had several reasons to go and now I have another one. There is a perception, right now among Canadians that something is going (wrong) there, meaning between the United States and Canada.

The minister is upset because the proposed plan, would apply to immigrants from the Caribbean, Africa, India and Pakistan, but would exempt immigrants from the white Commonwealth countries of Canada, Australia, New Zealand and the United Kingdom, along with Singapore and Brunei. 

Canadas Foreign Minister Bill Graham is also upset and plans to raise the issue with Colin Powell, the U.S. secretary of state, whose family tree has roots in Jamaica. Powell has been under fire in recent weeks from Harry Belafonte, the world-famous entertainer and civil rights advocate who compared Powell with a house slave.

Grahams cabinet colleague, Coderre, has gone on record as calling the Bush Administrations plan a form of racial profiling, which would end up creating two classes of Canadian citizens: those who were acceptable to immigration authorities across the border and those who could be denied entry.

And that, says Coderre, is unacceptable to Ottawa.

Just the other day, the Canadian Foreign Ministry took the unusual step of issuing a travel advisory on its website urging Canadians born in Iraq, Iran, Libya, Sudan, Syria, Yemen, Saudi Arabia and Pakistan to think twice before traveling to the United States for any reason.

Earlier, Graham had intervened with U.S. officials and succeeded in getting Washington to drop a plan intended to force all Canadian citizens who were born in Iran, Iran, Libya, Sudan or Syria to be fingerprinted and photographed on arrival in the United States. While the Foreign Minister says the decision about Commonwealth citizens and visas was fundamentally a decision of the American authorities, he wants the United States to recognize that the immigrants in Canada are contributing to our economy and they may well be helpful by traveling to the United States for business and other reasons.

That was why he is hoping to be able to persuade the American authorities that this measure isnt necessary.

For its part, the United States said the proposed rules were designed to improve domestic security in the wake of the events of September 11th last year. But Canada has rejected that argument, saying that the permanent residents and landed immigrants from the Caribbean, Africa and elsewhere had already been screened and there wasnt a good reason to investigate them a second time. 

  Caribbean diplomats and other West Indians in Canada are perplexed by the move.

When you exempt some of the Pacific peoples from the continent of Europe, then it does make one raise questions as to really what is, in fact, the motive, said Vic Johnson, Barbados high commissioner in Ottawa. It is quite unfortunate that we are now categorized, even if inadvertently, as persons who are regarded as (security) risks. We dont know what the motives are and what the methodology was that the United States government used to determine the persons whom they have identified to be excluded from easy admission to the United States. But it does look a bit strange that the Caribbean, which does not have a history of terrorism, is being put together with those nations which the United States says poses a risk.

West Indians living in Canada have been moving freely between their adopted home and the United States for decades, visiting relatives who live in New York, Detroit, Miami, Boston, California and other parts of the United States. They also travel to the United States regularly to attend social functions and to conduct business in the United States.

Its more than passing strange that the immigrants in Canada, who are exempt from the U.S. visa requirement, come mainly from countries which are considered white, such as Australia, New Zealand and Britain, said a West Indian in Toronto. It smacks of racial profiling to me and it is important that the Canadian government seek a change of policy.
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              <text>On a Monday afternoon in Flatbush, Nicolas Jean-Jacques walked into Titis Barbershop on Nostrand Avenue and declared that he would never come back to the shop if Ernst Titi Daphnis, 53, who had been on the phone for some time, did not start cutting his hair soon.

Ive been walking after you this whole week, Jean-Jacques said, feigning irritation. If youre not going to do it for me, tell me. I have places much closer to me.

Daphnis merely pointed to his shoe and flicked his finger at his client of more than a decade, indicating that he would not hesitate to kick him out of the small space. The barber-client relationship is one of many reasons that the business of barbering is so rampant in the community. One cannot go one block without passing a barbershop, be it Haitian, Trinidadian or another nationality. Guys looking for a great cut or for camaraderie will go to extreme lengths to get it from their regular groomer. In turn, the barber tries to keep patrons coming back with music, talk of politics and women, and of course, a great cut.

Still frustrated, Jean-Jacques, a 45-year-old security guard, went to wait outside with a few other guys talking shop. Having traveled from Coney Island Avenue to Nostrand Avenue early in the morning, he stood out there just to have Daphnis do his hair. When a mobile vendor passed by with a carriage full of goods, including a $10 do-it-yourself haircutting kit, Jean-Jacques bought one, vowing to not return after that day.

But Daphnis, a well-mannered man who has been cutting hair since it cost five dollars, doesnt sweat it. He said of Jean-Jacques, hes not just a client. Hes a client-friend. We could go outside right now to fight, then wed come back in here and Id do his hair. 

Haitians are attached to their tailors, churches and barbers, he said while taking off the first layer of growth from Jean-Jacques head. The important aspect is the way that you treat the people. 

The barbershop is the place where men can bond without interference. It is the mens locker room, where the discussion revolves around women and politics. Where else can  man go to catch up on the latest gossip, find a good used car, or fulfill most other needs? In the new film Barbershop, Eddie, the veteran barber, is played by Cedric the Entertainer. The movie shows that the barbershop is a cornerstone of Black American society. 

Haitian barbershops are no different from the African-American one portrayed in this film directed by Tim Story, a renowned rap video director. Any corner where a black man can find a chair, a pair of scissors and another communicative soul is just heaven, some say. That place is more than a substitute for the expensive therapist or bar. 
The barbershop is a hangout, Eric Louis, 29, said. In the sense that if youre sitting at home and youre bored, you can just come here to pass the time.

The film has sparked criticism from community leaders, who accuse the filmmaker of disrespecting the role of Rosa Parks in the civil rights movement. On the silver screen, opposing opinions ricochet in barbershops. Patrons who have seen Barbershop say they like the movie, and that it says all about Haitian barbershops. Well, except for the part about giving up $10,000. 

On a Friday night in the Original Barbershop on Clarendon Road, off of Flatbush Avenue, men in their 20s and 30s are  home. The rum is flowing as they prepare for the upcoming Carimi-Zenglen fete that night and Djakout Mizik bash the following night. While a few stand in front of the shop, inside the gestures and challenging voices of about 20 make the evening seem hot, even though the constant rainfall made the night chilly.

The number of conversations going on is hard to make out. Witty repartees are the norm; no one gets too offended from the jokes, judgments and insults, they say, because teach knows they are just playing around. 

Ralph Durandis said, Each makes jokes about the others.

We are typical of everything Haitian, added Louis, an original patron for six years. 

Every hour inside the shop has its own feel and a different crowd. When the shops first open in the morning, retired men in their golden years make up the crowd. 

In front of Benoits Barbershop on Park Place near Seventh Avenue in Park Slope, they put the chairs outside on nice mornings. 

On Sunday afternoon, a couple blocks down Flatbush near Vanderveer Place, the DHaiti Barbershop crew is cooling down with a soccer game broadcast in Spanish. This crowd is of mixed generations; here you can find intellectuals in their 30s, aspiring rappers in their mid-20s, and shoe repairman over 40. 

Junior Roger said one reason they congregate there is because, We all live in the area.
Since the shop is easy to get to, he said its a great place to come spend a couple hours in a  place he is used to instead of somewhere new. Javlot Destin said men come to the barbershop to communicate and share ideas, but for Alexandre Luckner, 24, the benefits of the barbershop go beyond merely seeing his friends and catching up. 

I sit here to draw, said Luckner, an aspiring fashion designer. By talking to them, I get ideas.

Those who lived in Haiti said the tradition of a cut, talk and drink is one they were used to before they immigrated to the United States. They are simply continuing the tradition in their new locale. 

Louis, for example, remembers his father bringing him to the shop in Haiti as a little boy, though it was not very interesting for him then. 

Daphnis said starting a barbershop is one of the ways that Haitians who come here have to survive without relying on an employer. 

If he can build a clientele, he can live, Daphnis said, snipping away skillfully at Jean-Jacques with a very thin stainless steel scissors. 

Keeping an active client base is a complicated affair, however, because there is nothing set in stone about loyalty and customer satisfaction. The business structure is very informal, as demonstrated by the nomadic patterns of some clients. While many hang out in the shops, most of the time they do not come for a haircut. 

Philippe François, 27, said, Sometimes on my way from work, I stop by here [Original] before I go home just to get the news.

Its a rainy, chilly Wednesday afternoon on Franklin Avenue and Carroll Street in Crown Heights. Inside Charles Barbershop, a shop that fits two dozen comfortably, with chairs for five barbers, a certain warmth seeps from the three men who alternate between silently watching a Spanish novella, (soap opera), and making brief comments. 

The one eating hurriedly is owner Charles Sauveur, an energetic 70-year-old who looks a lot younger; perhaps its his hair, dyed black and styled in a short fro. 

I alone was the first barber in New York in 61, he said. I was the only one here as a Haitian.

Forty-four years after leaving the country, Saveur and a few others who came over during the early days pass the time in his barbershop, which he says is in decline financially. He said some of his clients have moved away, died or otherwise decided not to patronize him. 

I can count on one hand, how many heads I cut [daily], he said, counting off his fingers. 

Economics is one of the hardest subjects for a barber to talk about. They may give the number of heads they cut per day, but to discuss revenue on a monthly basis is taboo. Theyll say there is always a client, or tell you which season is the best for them, but they refuse to put a definitive number. A haircut starts at ten dollars, but goes up according to the style that the client wants. 

When Daphnis finished Jean-Jacquess basic cut, with the sides lined up crisp, he joked that Jean-Jacques was giving him so many bills to impress the folks in the shop. With another man hurriedly sliding into the chair as Jean-Jacques got out, the two friends hardly had time to say good bye. But it wasnt necessarytheyd see each other again. 

Barbers are not something people change often, Daphnis said. </text>
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              <text>Its Easy Like Sunday Morning. Forgotten sounds of Jamaicas yester-years: Buju Banton, Beres Hammond, Spragga Bens, Ruler Brown, and Wayne Wonder are serenading listeners across airwaves of 88.7FM WRSU, in New Brunswick, New Jersey. 

One cant help but feel relaxed, perhaps nostalgic, as we remember home in the Caribbean back in the days, as we would say.

The Reggae Kaleidoscope is heard every Wednesday night from eight to 10 p.m.

This conscious and eclectic mix of reggae music is deliberate, and the name is fitting. The people in charge of the program have a mission; they are not just your typical DJs playing the same songs over and over again. The music selection is thought through before it hits the air and the two people responsible for this fusion of old and new share the same vision. Their mantra is, giving to the Caribbean people clean and conscious lyrics that entertain and foster cultural pride. The words, clean and conscious, are not limited to reggae music of old; however, it spans across the years to include current dance hall hits. 

Natty G and Genesis, as the dynamic duo are known, broadcast on the airwaves each Wednesday night.

For the past 15 years, Caribbean audiences in and around New Jersey have responded positively to this fresh new take on reggae programming. Response has been shown in the steady increase in listeners. Both the 20-year-old, who perhaps can only relate to artists like Shaggy, and the 40-year-old who can name all the great singers of yester-year can find their voice throughout the wide range of music on the Reggae Kaleidoscope program each Wednesday night. Catering to the Caribbean community, and all racial groups, the music spans from rock steady to dance hall, calypso to soca. 

The programs flair includes having well-known artists as guest hosts, and spotlighting emerging artists who cannot get airplay elsewhere.

Genesis, whose real name is Dennis Lue, has been with the station since its inception over 15 years ago. Not seeking personal accolades, Genesis gives two hours of his time each Wednesday  night because music has always been his passion. He is a graduate of Rutgers University and City College. Holding Bachelors and Masters degrees in psychology, he has been a teacher and practicing psychologist for the past 18 years.

Involved in the music business for the past 30 years, Lue, a Jamaican, is known by many of his peers, some of whom are respected artists in their own right.

When co-producer Garfield Natty G Francis joined Reggae Kaleidoscope over two years ago, he brought with him a fresh and new approach to the shows format.

With a voice made for radio, Francis brought with him also the experience of being involved in the music scene. A teacher of communications, Francis also holds a BA in communications from Glassboro State/Rowan University. His involvement in the music industry includes hosting of several stage shows as well as being the co-executive producer of A TOWN MUZIK, (a label that produced a 14-track CD.)

Mr. Lue and Mr. Francis, with their diverse backgrounds and a shared passion for music, continue to be mavericks in their fields. After 10 p.m. when the sounds of Reggae Kaleidoscope have fizzled into the air, the two continue to affect the Caribbean community positively.

Lue is the vice president of the Starlight Sports Club in New Jersey. For the past 15 years, he continues to give back to the community by sponsoring annual tournaments and trips to Canada for the clubs members who are mostly Caribbean youths.

Francis, though unsure of where this new path in the radio will take him, is destined to stimulate the minds of people young and old. He recently compiled a book of thought provoking poems, and is currently working on a childrens series. 

Displaying an acumen in a music industry that is continually changing, Garfield Francis and Dennis Lue have learned how to mold and shape the quality of the sound on the air waves, so that the end product to the listening ear is positively beautiful music. 

For the DJs of Reggae Kaleidoscope, their story is just the beginning. </text>
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              <text>A communiqué from the Council of American-Islamic Relations, received by Al-Manassah Al Arabeyah, reports that a Muslim employee living in the state of Virginia is suing Marriott International Inc., a hotel company, for acts of racial and religious discrimination. 

In his suit, the young Muslim demands financial and moral compensation for an unfriendly work atmosphere his colleagues and supervisors imposed on him during his time at the company. The Muslim employee started as a cook at the Ritz-Carlton Hotel (which is owned by Marriott International) in Washington, D.C., in March 2002. His colleagues soon began to insult him in front of the managers, calling him a suicide terrorist and constantly asking him whether he had attended classes at some flight school like the other terrorists.

The employee brought the claim to the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, a government committee in charge of monitoring acts of racial or religious discrimination at the workplace. The committee approved the claim, as did the Council of American-Islamic Relations, declaring that the Ritz-Carlton Hotel failed to set the suitable work atmosphere required by the law. The employee is asking for $700,000 for compensation. 

It is relevant to mention that Marriott International Inc., is one of the biggest international hotel companies, active in more than 60 countries around the world.

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                  <text>The Independent Press Association (IPA) translates articles from the ethnic press (when necessary) and distributes them via web and fax newsletter to mainstream and ethnic press, government offices, nonprofits, and interested individuals.  Voices That Must be Heard was designed by the Independent Press Association staff in New York City in response to the horrifying events of September 11.  After Sept. 11th, Voices focused on the South Asian, Arab and Middle Eastern communities in New York. Since February 2002, the project has expanded, selecting articles from the broad range of ethnic and community newspapers throughout the city. Here, the Archive has preserved the Voices collection from its inception until November 2002.</text>
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              <text>Sonnia Lopez owned a farm in her native Ecuador. After immigrating to New York City, Lopez dreamed of continuing her life as a farmera dream she never imagined would come true. That was until Lopez found the New Farmer Development Project, which helps immigrants who were farmers in their home countries get a start here. </text>
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              <text>In the biggest city in the United States, some new immigrants are pursuing a goal that seems at odds with the cement and brick realities of New York: theyre going to become farmers.  They are part of the New Farmer Development Project, which helps immigrants who were farmers in their home country get a start here.

One of those new farmers lives in Ozone Park, Queens, not far from East New York. Sonnia Lopez moved here from Ecuador two years ago with her sons Israel, David, and Daniel, who are now ages 17, 15, and 10.  Sonnia owned a farm in Ecuador, but was forced to move here because of the political and economic situation there.  She planned to start a farm in New York, but when she got here, found that it was much harder than she thought it would be.  You come here with many expectations, but its very difficult, especially because of the language.  You think that you will make a lot of money, but its difficult to find work, she explained in Spanish.  She also said that buying land is very expensive in the United States.  

When she first arrived in the United States, she lived with her brother, working at fast food restaurants and in retail stores to make ends meet. She thought she would never be able to realize her dream of having a farm here.  Then last year, she read about the New Farmer Development Project, and realized that the project was exactly what she was looking for.  

The New Farmer Development Project (NFDP) is jointly coordinated by Greenmarket and Cornell Cooperative Extension/NYC Programs.  Greenmarket is a non-profit program of the Council on the Environment of New York City that helps farms in the state stay viable. Farmers markets have become very popular in New York in recent years because people appreciate the freshness and high quality of local farm products. Despite this, many small farms in upstate New York are struggling to stay in business, as farmers age and dont have anyone to take over their farms.  Farms have begun to disappear because farmers who are unable to make a living give in and sell their land to developers who build houses on the land. 

Greenmarket helps address these problems by organizing farmers markets in New York City, giving farmers a place to sell their produce directly to the consumer. This helps farmers make more money because they dont have to pay a middle person to sell their products for them.  Many immigrants in New York City have experience with farming, and would like to farm here because of the many benefits that farming offers. Those that farm have the ability to spend more time with their families and have the opportunity to be around nature.  The New Farmer Development Project works to link these two groups so that a group of younger farmers can continue to care for the land and protect the open space for future generations.

Sonnia is drawn to farming because of the lifestyle it offers.  She knows shell never get rich farming, she says, but loves it because people need to eat and she is connected to the very basis of life.  Being with my family is the most important reason to farm.  If you work at another job, you have to stay apart from your family and you cant be together.  I also want to live in a place thats quieter than New York City, a place that has less conflict.  I like the country air.  Here, its difficult to be cramped up in an apartment.  

Since she found the New Farmer Development Project, Sonnia has been busy.  Shes still working and taking care of her kids, but shes also going to farming classes, learning English, working a piece of land in New Jersey, and selling at the Jackson Heights Greenmarket.  She says that she has learned a lot.  In Ecuador, she was more involved with the administration of the farm.  Here, she has to do all the work of farming, too.  But shes not alone.  Her two older sons help her farm on the land, and nearby farmers give her support, helping her with maintaining the farm and giving her ideas about how to move forward.  Her youngest son, whos not yet big enough to help with the physical work on the farm, has also found a way to be part of the family business.  He proudly helps his mother at her stand at the Greenmarket in Jackson Heights, translating for Sonnia and helping her sell.  Pat Malloy, the farmer who has the stand next Sonnia, has also been a great help, encouraging her and giving her seedlings and other supplies.  

Sonnias crops of tomatoes, peppers, flowers, and melons were a big hit at the market this year, and shes looking forward to next year. Shes eager to start with more experience, and she hopes to expand her farm. Selling at the market has been important, Sonnia says, because through working in the market I could see that it is possible to succeed, that people will buy what I grow. Shes still renting her farmland, and commuting from Ozone Park to New Jersey, but shes optimistic about the future and believes she will have her own farm soon.  She has these words for other immigrants who might be interested in farming: Its hard work, but there is a way.  I was given an opportunity, and there are many people to help me succeed.

Those who want to know more about the New Farmer Development Project can call Rachel Dannefer, project director, or Maria Alvarez, project coordinator, at (212) 477-3220, or email Maria at mapyalvarez4@yahoo.com.

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