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              <text>Recently, Rep. John Conyers (D-Mich.) took time out from his busy schedule on Capital Hill to join lawmakers for a public hearing on a reparations resolution before the New York City Council. 

Sponsored by Councilmen Bill Perkins and Charles Baron, the measure seeks to institute laws that would allow opportunities for reparations for those who were negatively impacted by the slavery system in New York.

This bill acknowledges that by the enactment of laws that sanctioned mass torture, kidnapping and the forced abandonment of children, the New York state government contributed to the violation of fundamental human rights of African people.

A similar measure is being pushed in the state Legislature in Albany, sponsored by the Black, Puerto Rican and Hispanic Caucus.

Assemblyman Roger Green, who heads the caucus, explained that the bill would compel the state government to formally apologize and atone for its role in the perpetuation of the slave trade.

Meanwhile, the City Hall hearing marked the first time in the Big Apple that any city or state legislative body has met to discuss the issue of reparations. Two other resolutions are also under consideration before the council.

Introduced by Baron, one of the resolutions call for declaring March 21 Reparations Awareness Day in recognition of the transatlantic slave trade and the institution of slavery as crimes against humanity.

The second resolution calls on the City Council to declare its support for class action plaintiffs in their effort to seek restitution in federal court from corporations that are alleged to have participated in and profited from the slave trade.

Barron said these ongoing hearings would provide the perfect forum to begin public discourse on New York Citys historical participation in the greatest crime committed against humanity, the transatlantic slave trade.

We are at a time in which the city of New York can be on the right side of history and be at the forefront of a movement that is sweeping the globe, he added.</text>
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              <text>For the first time, Pakistanis and Indians marched together in Washington, D.C., where demonstrators marched to both embassies. On the same day, June 8, there was a parallel rally in Chicago. 

In Chicago, many Hindus, Muslims and Sikhs marched together in a rally organized by Friends of Bush, despite the heat. Children carried banners proclaiming: We want Peace, Not War. Pakistanis included Syed Omar, an organizer, and Hameedullah Khan, who is  the chairman of Pakistani American Association of North America (PAANA). From the Sikh community, members of Gurdwara Sahib participated, including the Gurdwaras president, Balwinder Singh. Dr. Barinder Ram Laamba (of SAAGAR) and many members of the Hindu community were present. Many shouted, We Want Peace.

After the rally, Syed Omar said, We should have learned our lesson from Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Other speakers also protested arms buildups and conventional war.

In Washington D.C, rally participants presented petitions to both embassies. Lubna Ejaz, president of the Pakistan Association of the Greater Washington Metropolitan Area, spoke in favor of diplomatic efforts to resolve differences and against military budgets.</text>
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              <text>Muslim American leaders, including representatives from community organizations, fire services, and law enforcement called a press conference 12 noon, Thursday, May 23, 2002 at City Hall to voice concerns regarding Memorial Day weekend terrorist threats aimed at New York City landmarks.

Reacting to warnings issued by the FBI and the NYPD, and fearing a backlash from the public towards Muslims, the group stated that they want to ease public fears concerning the Muslim community and asked that the public not equate American Muslims with terrorists.  

On the steps of City Hall, the group emphasized that they are frustrated, frightened, and angry by the recent threats and that American Muslims are part of the fabric of New York.  CAIR-NYs Executive Director Ghazi Khankan said, We are having this press conference to alleviate and calm down fears because we are all in the same boat.  Additionally, he stressed, Any threat against America, and America is our homeland, will be a threat against all of us.  It is our duty to make sure that those who will commit such threats are apprehended.  

Similarly, Supervising Fire Marshall Kevin James shared his frustration regarding the situation. He stated, I, like the overwhelming majority of Muslim Americans, do not know who these extremists are, do not share their warped ideas, and unfortunately, there is nothing I can do about them.  He added, Please do not lump our community in with these fanatics and extremists whose only religion is intolerance and hatred. 

Similarly, United African Congress President Sidique Wai said, When you profile one community because of something that happened, you are also indirectly giving credence to profiling other communities. 

Police Officers Adil Almontaser and Abdo Almasmary of the American Muslim Law Enforcement Officers Association, asked that residents of the City of New York come forward if they know of any terrorist activity.  Corrections Officer Stacy Salimah Bell, of the newly formed American Muslim Law Enforcement Officers Association, stressed If you are a Muslim, if you claim that Allah is your God, if you are an American, its your duty to report acts of terrorism. Almontaser said, We are their avenue to assist them in anyway they need.  To report these to the appropriate authorities the phone number is 1-800-577-TIPS.  </text>
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              <text>On March 15, about 100 people gathered in a school auditorium in the East Flatbush section of Brooklyn for a forum denouncing the Jan. 16 police murder of Georgy Louisgene and police brutality in general. 

In addition to cultural presentations by Kongo and Feet of Rhythm and a powerful video on police brutality, the evening featured speakers who outlined the depth of police brutality in working-class and minority communities throughout New York City. 

We are not fighting a few rogue policemen, we are fighting a system, said Richie Perez, a Puerto Rican community activist. The entire criminal justice system is rotten. With example after example of the police cover-ups of their murder of youths in New York, Perez illustrated how the blue wall of silence is not just silence, but a whole web of agreed-upon lies.  

The evenings most emotional moment came when the parents of the many police victims assembled in front of the room, holding solitary flowers in memory of their lost children.
These are our heroes, said Abby Louis Jeune, Goergy Louisgenes sister. Our group is growing. But we are also getting stronger. And we are not going to take it anymore! We will find justice! We will stop police brutality!

The Georgy Louisgene Justice Committee, made up largely of friends and family of Louisgene, organized the event and planned to continue fighting for justice in his case. To date, the district attorney has not charged the two Brooklyn 67th Precinct cops who shot Louisgene, 23, when he asked them for protection from men who had beaten him. 

The afternoon following the forum, a mass in memory of Patrick Dorismond was held at Brooklyns St. Francis Church on Nostrand Avenue. Patricks family traveled from Florida to commemorate their son with hundreds of people of all races and nationalities who turned out for the mass, which marked his birthday and the second anniversary of his death. 

A civil trial of the officers who killed Dorismond is expected this year. 

The police tried to block our access to grand jury testimony and the results of the internal affairs investigation, arguing that it was privileged information, Derek Sells, the Dorismonds lawyer, told Haïti Progrès at a reception after the mass. Having overcome that obstacle to discovery, we expect to depose the officers involved in April and hopefully get a trial by the fall or early winter.</text>
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              <text>The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) and other federal and state law enforcement agencies began a second round of crackdowns on undocumented Pakistani immigrants for whom deportation orders have been issued.

Two of the Pakistani immigrants who were rounded up include Mr. Anwar, who owns a Queens junkyard, and Mr. Saeed, a Brooklyn resident who used to sell hosiery goods in Manhattan. Law enforcement agencies picked them up from their apartments at midnight. INS agents raided three different places to detain Mr. Saeed before finding him in an apartment on East 10th Street, in Brooklyn. It is interesting to note that the INS ignored another Pakistani family overstaying their visas in the second apartment they searched. This shows a major change in the INS policy; now, rather than detaining every suspect, they are only after the people for whom deportation orders have been issued.

During the last 20 years, the United States issued deportation orders against more than 300,000 people. Most people in this category have not yet left the United States. Law enforcement agencies have been given the task to ensure the implementation of said deportation orders.
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                <text>FBI, INS and local law enforcement agencies began a second round of crackdowns on undocumented Pakis</text>
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              <text>In the initial stages of the September 11th Fund, we approved tragedy assistance based on more lenient evidence, such as a photograph taken from the lobby of the World Trade Center, said Bea Hanson, a vice president at Safe Horizon, one of the three major charity groups which took part in the September 11th disaster relief, but in the past few months, we have worked very closely with prosecutors in numerous fraud cases.

The September 11th Fund has given away $190 million in disaster assistance.  The three major community charity groups, the American Red Cross, the Salvation Army, and Safe Horizon aided not only those who were directly affected by the Twin Towers, but also those living and working in the area south of Canal Street. If you can prove that you have been affected by the 911 tragedy, and it was related to the terrorist activity and not recession, you have met the criteria for monetary assistance, Hanson said.

However, it is difficult to meet the above criteria, since the collapsed Twin Towers contained a large amount of human resources information that is now lost.  In addition, many employees who worked in the qualified Chinatown area, south of Canal Street, did not receive compensation in bank checks. Instead, compensation has been recorded in journals not easily understood by accountants.

According to Safe Horizon representatives, all applicants for assistance must be able to present evidence that the September 11th tragedy affected their income and caused financial difficulty related to housing costs and daily expenses.  They must be able to provide personal information and proof of income.  Because many Chinese-American workers do not possess such formal employment records, handwritten personal income records and factory owners letters are considered valid evidence.

Relatively speaking, the Salvation Armys assistance is seen as more lenient. FEMA (Federal Emergency Management Agency) requires not only proof of permanent residency, but also has stricter rules.

Safe Horizon has set up a 24-hour-hotline for September 11th victims, (866) 689-4357, which provides foreign language translation, including Chinese, for all those with questions related to assistance applications.  All should make good use of this service.
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              <text>The West severely criticized President Robert Mugabe of Zimbabwe for wresting back control of arable lands in the country from the very small minority of whites who control them, so as to redistribute them to Africans. Namibia, another African country with almost the same history as Zimbabwe, has exactly the same land problem. MORE. </text>
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              <text>The debate about land redistribution has been heating up in Southern Africa, namely Zimbabwe and Namibia. South Africa has kept the agitation of its own citizens under wraps. The West severely criticized President Robert Mugabe of Zimbabwe for wresting back control of arable lands in the country from the very small minority of whites who control them, so as to redistribute them to Africans. Namibia, another African country with almost the same history as Zimbabwe, has exactly the same land problem: a very small, white minority controls more than 60 percent of the arable land. Though President Sam Nujoma tried to approach the question of land redistribution differently from President Mugabe, he encountered the same intransigence from white farmers as in Zimbabwe.

Despite all the propaganda that has been employed by the West, through the white media, to discredit Mugabes attempt to right the wrongs committed against Africans in Zimbabwe, the fact remains that majority of the 800 million Africans support his land redistribution policies. As much as the Western media tries to paint Mugabe as a monster, intent on starving his own peoplea problem that only arose this yearthe question remains: should the lands in the Zimbabwe and Namibia, for which hundreds of thousands of Africans were massacred and uprooted from their natural environment, be left in the hands of the descendants of the men who massacred them?

Between 1892 and 1905, when the brave people of Africa challenged the authorities, the German army massacred over 60,000 people, about 80 percent of the Herero and Namas people of former South West Africa, now called Namibia. They then left 15,000 to starve to death.

Namibia is now a country of 1.8 million people, and the descendants of those Germans who massacred innocent Africans, including other whites, now constitute about seven percent of the population, or about 126,000 people. But while the white population constitutes only seven percent of the whole, it controls more than 60 percent of the arable land in Namibia.

 After so-called Europes scramble for Africa, or, more appropriately, Europes invasion for Africas natural resources, the Germans annexed the territory from the Portuguese and renamed it South West Africa. In 1915, after the German defeat during World War I, the then-government of South Africa took over the territory, but in 1920 it was given a mandate by the League of Nations to govern the territory.

 In 1946, the United Nations refused to allow South Africa to annex the territory, which South Africa proceeded to do anyway, refusing to place the territory under U.N. Trusteeship. With white racism surging through South Africa, it began to introduce the same type of laws in South West Africa.

 In 1958, Africans formed the Ovamboland Peoples Congress, which became the South West Africa Peoples Organization (SWAPO) in opposition to the South African government. In 1966, SWAPO launched an armed struggle against the racist apartheid government of South Africa. In the fight for the liberation and independence of Namibia, thousands of Africans lost their lives. But, on the other hand, in most cases the small white minority assisted, participated and fought on the side of the white South African government.

As this newspaper noted in its August 8-14, 2002 issue, the same murderous rampage was employed by the British in the case of Zimbabwe. In that article, we noted that, The word Bulawiyo, the second largest city in Zimbabwe, is an Ndebele word for slaughter, and it refers to the savagery of the British settlers, including the infamous Cecil Rhodes, who crushed the attempt by the indigenes to fight back, leading King Lobengula to swallow
 poison rather than be captured. Or should we forget the savagery of the bestial Sir Frederick Carrington, who publicly advocated that the entire Ndebele race should be forcefully removed or exterminated. Or that of profligate Ian Smith, who seized the government in 1965 and unilaterally declared the then-Southern Rhodesia independent, while he refused to apologize for the atrocities he committed when he held office. In fact, he even boasted that he had no regrets about the estimated 30,000 Zimbabweans killed during his rule. Said Smith, The more we killed, the happier we were.

 Yes, that is what Ian Smith was quoted as saying, and he never denied saying it. On the other hand, the governments of Zimbabwe and Namibia have neither asked for nor sent troops to massacre the white population to seize back the land. All they have done is plead with the small minority of white farmers to be fair and see the tragedy of denying access to arable lands to 99 percent of the population. As Mugabe rightly told Mr. Tony Blair, the British Prime Minister, you keep your Britain, I keep my Zimbabwe, in reference to the fact that the Europeans were the ones who seized other peoples landsAmerica, South America, Australia, New Zealand, Africa, just to name a fewwithout a cent in compensation. 

Unfortunately, the fact remains that the debate on the question of land redistribution in Zimbabwe, and now Namibia, has been appropriated and left in the hands of the Western media. Again, the so-called African intellectual elite is being brain-washed into mouthing the same platitudes that the white media has been spewing out on this issue.

 Some of us may not like the politics of either Mugabe or Nujoma, who has already vowed to step down after his term as president expires in 2004. The muscling of the press and the jailing of journalists in Zimbabwe should be condemned by all.

But it is time that Africans in the Diaspora got involved in the debate about the right method of land redistribution in Zimbabwe or Namibia. Of course, there are those who have joined the Western media in accusing Zimbabwes Mugabe of using the issue of land redistribution to save himself from political humiliation and defeat. He has also been accused of giving to his political cronies and relatives the land that his government has purchased back from the white farmers.

Granted that the above were true, the question still remains: when is the right time, and under what circumstances should land redistribution happen in Zimbabwe or Namibia? Also, should Africans, who are always turning the other cheek to be slapped, compensate the descendants of those who massacred their ancestors and throw them out of the land that they now claim as theirs?

To what extent should Britain, which promised to make 50 million pounds or $75 million available to the Zimbabwe government to repurchase the lands, but later reneged on their promise, be held accountable for the land redistribution debacle in Zimbabwe?

We cannot continue to allow the Western leaders and their media to instigate the debate for us. It always happens, and then we turn around, postmortem, to accuse them of not playing fair and hijacking our issues. It should be our debate.</text>
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              <text>Bayside Cemetery is in shambles. The Gen-X members of the shul that owns it cant pay for upkeep. Whos responsible now?</text>
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              <text>To get to her parents graves, Beth Rocke, 77, rides the A train more than an hour from Morningside Heights in Manhattan to Ozone Park, Queens. 

Rocke, who sometimes needs a cane, slowly descends the stairs of the shabby elevated train station, then walks past modest homes, industrial buildings and the barbed wire perimeter of Bayside Cemetery until she reaches the entrance. 

But its the last part of the journey that is the most difficult. Rocke makes her way through paths overgrown with weeds and strewn with litter and twigs, mausoleums with broken windows and filthy floors, and past countless plots in which the rusted fences are broken and wildflowers and shrubbery have grown so high that only the tops of the headstones peek out. In many plots, the headstones have toppled over. 

I get unbelievably depressed every time I come here, says Rocke, a retired businesswoman who has served in management positions at Revlon, Playtex and Clairol. 

Although most of this Jewish cemetery has been in bad condition for years, until recently Rocke could count on her familys 15-by-12-foot plot being kept up. After years of paying for annual care, in 1988 she and her cousins decided to purchase perpetual care for $4,750, and she has color photos showing the grass neatly trimmed and free of weeds. 

Now the grass and dandelions grow highalthough it is not nearly as bad as in many areas of the cemeteryand a section of the rusted iron fence cordoning off the plot is broken. Near the edge of the cemetery, where Rockes grandparents are buried, the foliage is thicker and a small brass placard from the Jewish War Veterans lies on the ground. 

Looking around the cemetery, she says, To me this is not neglectits desecration. 

Last year Rocke, who vows to keep pressing for improvement at her family plot when Im 94 and in a wheelchair, took Congregation Shaare Zedek, the Upper West Side synagogue that owns the cemetery, to small claims court and won $2,364. Now, still dissatisfied with conditions at Bayside, she is exploring whether she has grounds for another lawsuit. 

Bayside Cemetery has long been overgrown and plagued by vandals and litter. Most observers familiar with the situation say it is in worse condition than virtually any other Jewish cemetery in the New York area. 

Shaare Zedeka synagogue that fell on hard times in the 1970s and 1980s and now serves a largely Gen-X constituencyhas sponsored periodic cleanups at the cemetery and says in the past few years it has subsidized the meager cemetery fund with approximately $65,000 a year, 20 percent of the synagogues total operating budget. 

But the cemeterys small staff appears to lack the experience, manpower and funding to protect Baysides approximately 35,000 graves from further damage, let alone improve them. 

And in recent years, with the death of longtime manager Ethel Sheiker, the cemeterys general neglect has spread even to those few plots that have perpetual careand people like Rocke who visit them regularly. 

Now, with Bayside in a condition that many associate with cemeteries in European towns where Jews are long gone, and with Shaare Zedek saying it cannot afford to increase its investment, the question is: Who is responsible for ensuring that the dead of Bayside Cemetery, one of New Yorks oldest Jewish cemeteries, are honored according to Jewish tradition? The members of Shaare Zedek? The descendants of the buried? The larger Jewish community? 

Should Shaare Zedek, as some have suggested and as some defunct synagogues have done, sell its buildingworth an estimated $2.6 million according to New York Citys property assessment departmentto pay for the cemeterys upkeep? 

&lt;i&gt;The Shaare Zedek Saga &lt;/i&gt;

It wasnt always like this. In 1842, Shaare Zedek, then located on the Lower East Side, bought the land for the cemetery, setting aside roughly 5 percent for its members. It sold the remaining plots to individuals and voluntary burial societies, many of which, it is now believed, assumed responsibility for maintenance of their plots. 

But by the middle of the 20th century, Shaare Zedek, which in the 1920s moved to its current building on West 93rd Street, began to flounder with the decline of the Upper West Side. By the 1980s, say current activists in the congregation, the synagogue was essentially defunct, with no rabbi and irregular services. 

Shaare Zedeks demise coincided with the disappearance of many Jewish burial societies, social groups that had taken an active interest in the condition of the graves. It also coincided with the migration of many New York Jews to the suburbs and beyond, creating a situation in which many descendants of those buried live far away and are unable to visit the cemetery regularly. 

In the late 1990s, the synagogue began to bounce back as the Upper West Side became a hub for young Jews. A large minyan that met in Shaare Zedeks basement officially merged with the synagogue in 1994, and the congregation soon hired the young and charismatic Rabbi Hillel Norry, who was credited with attracting a younger crowd. 

The newcomers were thrilled to inherit a large, well-located synagogue with lovely stained-glass windows and ceiling and a wooden Art Deco ark two stories high. They were less thrilled about the neglected cemetery, only 20 miles but seemingly worlds away from the bustle of the Upper West Side, that came with it. 

For several years, Rabbi Norry was a vocal champion of the cemetery, organizing cleanup days and speaking of the synagogues responsibility for it. But, say insiders, board interest began to wane in the past year and a half, with many arguing that the synagogue needed to focus more of its attention on maintaining the Upper West Side building, which needs a new boiler and possibly a new roof, and on developing more programming for young families. 

This summer Rabbi Norry took a job in Atlanta, leaving the board to focus much of its time and energy on finding a new rabbi. Rabbi Norry could not be reached for comment. 

Theres a limited amount of dollars. Should I focus on those 200 graves with yellow stickers, or do I focus on the 34,800 graves that dont have stickers? asks Joel Shaiman, who chairs the rabbi search committee, referring to the stickers that designate perpetual care. 

Clearing trees from the edge of the cemetery has been one of the top priorities in an effort to deter vandals. But that has come at the expense of maintaining perpetual care plotsand some of the falling trees have toppled over headstones. 

&lt;i&gt;A Community Issue? &lt;/i&gt;

Just whose responsibility is the cemetery? 

Shaiman, who says he is frustrated that the cemetery is not a higher priority for more Shaare Zedek members, says, Personally, I feel the synagogue has a responsibility to the cemetery and that it is also in the long-term interest of the synagogue to resolve the cemeterys problems. 

However, he sees the flip side as well. 

The question is, because one day I decided to walk into Shaare Zedek rather than Young Israel, why is this problem my problem? I could choose to not be a member and go join Bnai Jeshurun and then it isnt my issue, Shaiman says. To say its a synagogue-only responsibility, given that in this day and age a lot of synagogues dont have continuity of membership, is putting too much of the problem back on the synagogue. Its really a community issue. 

Shaare Zedek leaders say they are starting to seek help from the broader Jewish community. They raised $6,000 this yeara tiny percentage of the overall budgetby writing to people who pay annual care and asking them for additional contributions. 

Now there is talk also at Shaare Zedek of approaching foundations, Jewish genealogy groups, the Jewish Community Center of Manhattan and UJA-Federation of New York, which helped buy a for-profit funeral home two years ago and convert it into a community-run nonprofit

Manny Behar, executive director of the Queens Jewish Community Council, which has helped coordinate some cleanup days at the cemetery, says that with the economy bad and with Jewish social service and education needs competing for philanthropic attention, Its not realistic to expect that were going to raise the kind of money thats needed to really do the job there. 

However, Jewish philanthropists have shown interest in cemeteries overseas. Rabbi Michael Shudrich, who serves as rabbi of Warsaw and Lodz in Poland, is overseeing a new effort in Poland to restore abandoned Jewish cemeteries. Numerous individuals with ancestors in Poland have donated, he said, to ensure their ancestors graves are maintained. 

If we can do it in Poland, I certainly hope we can do it in Queens, says Rabbi Shudrich, who spends half his time in Poland and half his time in New York. 

Back at Bayside Cemetery, Beth Rockethe only member of her family who still lives in New Yorkappears to be the sole visitor on this warm day in early October, other than a few firemen who have wandered in during a break from doing safety inspections in the neighborhood. 

In the distance, the elevated A train rumbles by on the cemeterys northern border and planes roar overhead, bound for nearby Kennedy Airport. Rocke removes a stray plastic cup from her familys plot before laying rocks on her parents and aunts and uncles headstones. 

Rocke, who never married and has no children, plans to be cremated when she dies, rather than be buried in the remaining space in the family plot. 

Theres nobody to take care of it, she says. </text>
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              <text>No group is more loyal to the Democrats than the descendants of enslaved Africans. No individuals have been more loyal to the Democrats than Carl McCall and Ron Kirk. Yet, both black men are now in fights for their political lives as unwitting fall guys.</text>
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              <text>No group is more loyal to the Democrats than the descendants of enslaved Africans. No individuals have been more loyal to the Democrats than Carl McCall and Ron Kirk. Yet, both black men are now in fights for their political lives as unwitting fall guys.

They have obviously been set up through an agreement between the Republicans and Democrats, who are also depriving them of meaningful campaign funds to wage meaningful political campaigns.

Kirk, who is the former mayor of Dallas, is challenging John Cornyn, Texas state attorney general, to succeed retiring Sen. Phil Gramm. McCall, on the other hand, is challenging the incumbent Gov. George Pataki. While Democrats have shortchanged both Kirk and McCall, Texas Democrats have been more generous to Kirk than Democrats in New York have been to McCall. 

In other words, blacks are faring better, politically, in the old Confederacy, even though white Democrats nationwide still prefer a white Republican over a black Democrat in a key executive or legislative position. 

This country us without a black governor or U.S. senator, even though about one of every six citizens in this county is black. With fewer numbers, for examples, Jews, Asians and Indians are nonetheless represented in the U.S. Senate.

This country is a one-party system with two wings. It functions like the sniping duo that is currently terrorizing the D.C. area. The Democrats represent the sniper, and the Republicans formulate policies like welfare reform, tougher law-and-order mandates and empowerment zones, while Democrats execute these policies. The casualties are Democratic loyalists.

After Mark Green played the race card in the 2001 mayoral campaign in New York City, with the blessings of Democratic handlers, which caused many blacks and Latinos to either boycott the general election or become crossover voters, McCall, Fernando Ferrer and the Rev. Al Sharpton should have instinctively led historically oppressed groups off the Democratic plantation. They failed, and now history is once again repeating itself. There must be an insult level; otherwise, political prostitution will become contagious. 

A political cartel in Albany has disenfranchised all voters in New York. The problem in New York far exceeds that in Florida, where only felons are permanently disenfranchised, in addition to members of historically oppressed groups. Although scores of people are elected biannually to the New York State Senate and Assembly, only three votes count on all policy questions in the statethose of Gov. George Pataki, Senate Majority Leader Joseph L. Bruno and Assembly Speaker Sheldon Silver.

This illegal political arrangement prompted Town of Union Supervisor John Cheevers to sue the Legislature and its spoils system, which systematically engages in insider trading to secure legislative votes for Bruno and Silver in exchange for committee assignments to individual legislators. This political machination increases legislators paychecks and gives them more patronage through staff hirings. The state attorney general zealously opposed the lawsuit and, in effect, successfully argued that while insider trading is illegal on Wall Street, it is just fine for Albany.

A cartel is the weapon of mass destruction in organized crime. It reduces infighting and turf wars, concomitantly reducing the cost of doing business. A cartel also works well in politics to achieve illegal aims. 

In statewide elections, Republicans and Democrats have already decided that Pataki will defeat McCall. In politics, you must pay to play. If you have nothing going into a casino, you will come out empty-handed. Hopefully, McCall, Ferrer and Sharpton will wise up.

Alan Hevesi will be the next state comptroller. His political opponent in unranked. This is a no-no in boxing. Eliot Spitzer will retain his post as state attorney general through this same civil rights conspiracy. His opponent is not only unranked, but also unknown. Pataki introduced the Republican candidate for state attorney general as a member of New Yorks highest court, the Court of Appeals. In fact, the Republican candidate is a Court of Claims judge.

By the way, her name is Dora L. Irizary. Like McCall, she is a sacrificial lamb. It is Patakis notion of throwing a bone to Latinos. With no war chest, she has no shot at unseating Spitzer. When all the votes are counted on Nov. 5, only white men will be jumping politically. Basketball is entertainment. Politics, on the other hand, addresses bread-and-butter or life-and-death issues. This is the difference between a trick and a treat. </text>
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              <text>We come here for jobs because the United States has destroyed the Latin American economy. They have forced us to come here in search of a better future for our children, said Colombian immigrant Henry Achury of the ProjectUSA billboard in Brooklyn that marks the full-force return of anti-immigrant sentiment. </text>
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              <text>A large billboard posted this weekend by ProjectUSA marked the return of anti-immigrant sentiment to New York in full force. Immigration Will Double U.S. Population in Your Childs Lifetime, read the billboard, although ProjectUSA was careful not to put its name on the sign. The billboard quoted the U.S. Census Bureau as its source of information and referred passers-by to the website www.AmericaIsFull.com.

The group chose to launch its campaign to end immigration at the 116th Street/Kings Highway subway station in Brooklyn. The enormous sign caught the attention of many subway riders, like Mexican immigrant Susana Reyes. 

Reyes, as she looked over the billboard from the subway platform, defied anyone to put an end to immigration. They will never be able to stop our people from coming here in search of jobs. We are necessary to this country. If they want us to prove our power, all we have to do is stop work for one day. Then they would see how paralyzed this city would be, said Reyes.

According to Craig Nelsen, director of ProjectUSA, the billboard is one of a hundred in a nationwide campaign that began three years ago. Nelsen promised that the campaign would continue until the level of immigration into the United States was reduced considerably. We want to help America, because if more people keep coming to this country, there will be serious consequences, he said. 

Nelsen also criticized Hoy for calling the campaign racist, adding that the group only seeks to secure the future of American citizens. This [campaign] isnt a personal attack on immigrants. We are calling on the United States to monitor its borders with the same vigilance it applied to fighting terrorism after September 11th, said Nelsen, adding that the groups will lobby for laws that further limit even legal immigration.

However, immigrant communities in Brooklyn strongly disagree with Nelsen, and maintain that his efforts to end immigration will fail. 

We come here for jobs because the United States has destroyed the Latin American economy. They have forced us to come here in search of a better future for our children, said Colombian immigrant Henry Achury.</text>
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              <text>Before coming to America, Rodolfo Garcia waited in a long line and endured hours under the enervating heat of the sun just to have his passport processed at the Department of Foreign Affairs in Manila. 

"It was terrible. I was at the DFA as early as 5 a.m. and the line of people was already snaking through a parking lot outside. That day I finished submitting the application papers around 2:00 p.m. But then I was told to wait for three weeks or more to get my passport," Garcia said. 

In the coming months, other applicants in the Philippines may not have similar experiences. All systems are ready to go for the much-awaited P4 billion Machine Readable Passport/Visa program, which could process reportedly passports in ten seconds. 

According to reports, the Foreign Affairs Department had already signed a contract with Bonifacio Cesar Aderico International to provide the equipment and technology for the project. 

"Everything is ready. In six months, we will have tamper-proof, fraud-free passports," said Franklin Ebdalin, department undersecretary for administration. 

Ebdalin said once the program is operational, applicants who want to renew their passports can have documents processed in ten seconds, allowing the department to accommodate as many as 5,000 applications daily.  

Without a computerized system, the department in Manila can only handle 2,000 applications a day. 

Documents such as identification cards, marriage and baptismal certificates, school records will no longer be necessary, too, because the computer could store the applicant's thumbmark, along with necessary information.  

"It's 'high-tech.' It's better than what the Americans have," Ebdalin said. </text>
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              <text>As the reparations movement continues to gain momentum, activists maintain that the success of their movement rests in its ability to effectively educate and mobilize grassroots. 

The Millions for Reparations rally, held in Washington, D.C. on Aug. 17, drew considerable support from Black workers who view the reparations issue as critical to their interests. They recognize that the very core of the reparations issue is the fact that Americas wealth was created by slave labor. 

Ron Washington of the Black Telephone Workers for Justice said, The issue of reparations, at its very heart, is a question of stolen labor. Black workers have a key role to play and we have to step up to the forefront of this struggle. We have to make sure that our interests and our demands stamp the overall character of this struggle. 

Patrick Loman, of the Service Employees International Union (SEIU Local 1199), who organized a busload of union members for the reparations rally, said theres not one major social issue that 1199 was not on the forefront of. Its by logical extension that we be involved in this rally. We believe that labor creates all the wealth that made this country today, Loman said. 

Fred Mason, president of Maryland State and D.C. AFL-CIO, said that while the AFL-CIO didnt formally support the reparations rally, he believes that fundamentally, union members should support reparations.

Mason also believes that the American labor movement will grow and prosper as it continues to support reparations on two fronts: economic and social. Millions of people were forced to work without any compensation. The United Nations called it a crime against humanity. So supporting reparations is consistent with what we believe, which is that workers should be justly compensated for their labor, Mason explained.

He went on to discuss the continuing legacy of slavery that adversely impacts African-Americans, considering the disparity of wealth between Blacks and other groups. Blacks earn about three-quarters of what whites earn, Mason said.

But while Black workers are increasingly supporting reparations, theres the questions as to whether the issue will divide workers along racial lines. Labor activist Jim Haughton said hes opposed to the concept of reparations because its divisive, misleading and doesnt educate people. 

America cannot reform itself from its racist past. You cant even quantify the suffering that Black people experienced. You cant put a price tag on that, Haughton said. He went on to explain that the reparations movement doesnt advance the struggle for working people. Reparations alienates working-class people because there are white, Latino and Asian workers who cannot identify with reparations. It doesnt bring unity amongst people, Haughton explained. 

But he admits that the movement for reparations, addressing affordable housing, jobs, health care, education and environmental justice, is a good sign because all workers can identify those issues. It seems as if the reparations movement is moving away from quantifying the financial component of slavery to issues all people can get behind, Haughton admitted.

However, those in the labor movement who support reparations recognize the problems that would be created if the issue is not framed in the proper context. They maintain that education will be the key to mobilize support within the ranks of labor, while neutralizing any misinformation that would potentially facilitate division and tension. 

Washington said its a question of tactics and strategy because the target of the reparations movement is not the everyday white worker, but the government, along with corporations and banks that profited from slavery and the slave trade. He maintains that opponents of the reparations movement are seeking to offset any unity around reparations by creating a contradiction between working-class people. We have to make that (white) worker an ally in our struggle. We cannot do that unless we are absolutely clear in defining who is they when we say that they owe us, Washington said.

Loman said that while theres some white and Latino support for reparations, theres still a lot of work to do. He told the AmNews that a clear analysis is needed to illustrate to the non-Black worker that reparations is not an issue that will pit Black workers against the non-Black worker. Mason said they have to guard against miseducation. Reparations is a righteous demand. The individual white worker should understand that slavery was wrong. Whites, Asians and Latinos need to say that it was wrong. There should not be a big divide on that question. Mason continued, But there can be a divide over the nature of the settlement, but the first step is to acknowledge that the slave trade and the transatlantic slave trade were wrong. So there is a need for education around this issue.</text>
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              <text>The Korean-American Small Business Service launched a petition drive to collect 100,000 signatures challenging Mayor Michael Bloombergs proposal to increase the cigarette tax increase.

Mr. Sung Soo Kim, director of the Service, proposed a media campaign to publicize the negative aspects of the cigarette tax increase. On May 8, the Korean American Small Business Service plans to lobby all 51 members of the City Council. 

Starting on the 24, we began to send petition letters to cigarette stores, Mr. Kim said. He is confident about the campaign.  In order to reach the goal, all we have to do is to get 250 signatures from 400 stores.

He expects the campaign will be well received by customers. Customers are angry about the proposed increase, too Mr. Kim added. 

In an opinion piece submitted to the New York Daily News, Mr. Kim voiced a strong objection. In a local bodega or greengrocer, the sale of cigarettes can constitute as much as 20 percent of the gross receipts. Mr. Kim noted that a confiscatory rise in the city's cigarette taxan increase to a whopping $1.50 a pack from the current 8 cents will have adverse effect on small stores revenue.

Mayor Bloomberg has taken great pains to defend his proposal as not really a tax increase, but a public health measure. But Mr. Kim pointed out that the mayor took the $186 million the city received from the tobacco settlementmoney intended to fund smoking prevention programsand diverted the money while eliminating the programs. Mr. Kim also added that the tax increase will foster illegal cigarette trading.

Mr. Kim says he needs the support of at least 26 council members. So far, he has support from 13 of them. 

Mr. Kim will meet Council members from theBronx shortly, and then will try to meet all of them on May 8.
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              <text>Acquiring a U.S. entry visa is regarded by many as a very difficult procedure. So the presentation of an opportunity like the lottery is very welcome in Ghana, as in many other Third World countries. Once in the United States, those who were able to acquire the work permit soon forget the travail they went through.

The lotto system, through which the fortunate ones are given the nod to enter and work in the U.S., offers a rare opportunity for prospective immigrants. Every year, many Ghanaians, both old and young, try their luck as they apply for the visa lotto. 

Reports coming in from U.S. sources, as well as the Accra-based, independent daily the Daily Dispatch, has it that Ghana, which has a population of about 20 million, topped the 2003 Visa Lottery worldwide.

Ghana, the Dispatch continues, had 6,333 winners, followed by Nigeria, which recorded 5,989 winners. The top ten include Ethiopia, 5,562; Bangladesh, 4,935; Ukraine, 4,035; Poland, 3,855; Kenya, 3,194; Sierra Leone, 3,096, Morocco, 3,083; and Bulgaria, 2,843.

According to Dispatch Editor Ben Ephson, who once reported for the BBC (British Broadcasting Company), an embassy press release stated that about 8,700 applicants have been registered and notified as winners and can apply for immigrant visas.

The applicants were reminded that issuance of immigrant visas to visa lottery winners will cease once 50,000 applicants are issued visas. It was also added that notification does not guarantee automatic issuance of immigrant visas. In all, about 8.7 million entries were received. </text>
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Amrik Singh, 57, was working at his son-in-law's Texaco gas station, near Highway 6 in Houston, on April 4, when he was shot at 6:28 a.m. 

At all three crime scenes nothing was stolen. Police have no suspects in any of the slayings.</text>
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              <text>Members of New York's Arab community approvingly received the United Nations General Assembly's resolution to create a Palestinian state.

The UN Security Council, for the first time, backed the resolution last Tuesday. Over the years, the Security Council has adopted various resolutions asking for peace in the Middle East without mentioning the creation of Palestinian state.

Many Arabs reside and work in Astoria, Queens. There, they practice their religion and customs. Restaurants, grocery stores and cafés play Arab music, display pictures of Mecca, sell newspapers that inform the community of events in their countries, and serve delicious dishes such as moussaka or kishk.

"A Palestinian state must exist: it is their right. If there is no justice, there is no peace and generally the ones in power are not just," said Mohammed Habib, a Syrian vendor who works in a store on Steinway Avenue.

"God's message is the same in every religion and we all must look for it in our hearts. In the Middle East, we are not anti-Semitic because in the end we are all cousins, but the Jewish people have created a lot of problems."

Habib could not believe Arabs caused the destruction of September 11th, and he has seen no proof.

"Islam does not accept murder unless it is during war. God said in the Q'ran 'you shall not murder,' but how many people die daily around the world due to violence? After September 11th, we know more about some of the problems of the Muslims. Many times people are given weapons for evil against others, and that comes back. What the Taliban has done is not Islam."

Saben Khalil, an Egyptian woman, said she supported the UN resolution because, for many decades, the Palestinians have been defenseless. "They have been through wars, lived in camps, and have been assassinated without even knowing they were innocent. Many television stations in the United States partially favor the Israelis, but now they will be obligated to tell the truth. When people know it, they will sympathize with the Palestinians' cause."

A Lebanese owner of a grocery store in Astoria, who identifies himself as Moustafa, said he doesn't believe the United States has any intentions to resolve the conflict between Arabs and Israelis, because the Americans established themselves in this country in the same way that Jewish people have in Israel. Israelis murder Palestinians everyday, and when they respond the Israelis accused them of being terrorists. This is not just."

Ray Razeq, an employee of a pharmacy, agreed with Moustafa and saying United States is not interested in a solution to Palestinian problems. "They could have done it in the last five years, a country as powerful as this; if they wanted to do something they would have done it. I hope this does not stay as words but become actions."

But other Arabs, like Moroccan Hicham Aliami, believe both Palestinians and Israelis are suffering and something must be done to have peace. "This is important for the whole world, not just the Middle East." </text>
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              <text>Korean interest groups are joining together to pose unified resistance to some of Mayor Michael Bloombergs policies, which they call anti-small business.  Moreover, Bloomberg is losing support in the Korean community, mainly because of the tobacco tax increase and his proposed ban on smoking in restaurants and bars. 

As a result, an umbrella organization will be organized, or an old one resuscitated, to work against the mayors arbitrary policies.

Sung-soo Kim, president of the New York Korean American Small Business Center, says that it is very likely that the Small Business Association will be reorganized because several of Bloombergs bills disregard the position of small businesses.
 
The Small Business Association, which Sung-soo Kim was once chairman of, was established in 1992. Then, it included business owners of Korean, Caucasian, Hispanic, and Chinese descent. However, financial problems forced it to stop operating.

We cannot keep watching Mayor Bloombergs self-assertive, stubborn and cruel direction, Kim aid. If every small businessman in New York City, as well as every Korean, unites to speak with one voice, the mayor cannot do more.

In 1996, the Small Business Association successfully limited the expansion of mega stores, which was then the greatest threat to small businesses. They also successfully lobbied against irrational laws harmful to small businesses.   

Its not just the tobacco bill. The Bloomberg administration is executing a tough quarter system to the various tickets toward small businesses, and many small businesses are suffering with this, said Kim.

The preparatory meeting for the revival of the association is scheduled for early next month; the inauguration is anticipated in mid-September. If the Association is reorganized, President Kim will survey New York City Chamber of Commerce members, asking, How much do you know about small businesses? and present the public with the results.</text>
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              <text>If elevation from poverty were the measure of welfare reforms success, many recipients of Americas public assistance would declare it an abject failure. Fewer people receive public assistance today than in 1996, when welfare reform was enacted. As the Senate debates further reform, former recipients speak out about what happened to them.</text>
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              <text>Escaping poverty has been a lifelong ambition for Renea Fields. 

Five years ago, this New York mom was cautiously optimistic about landing a meaningful job that would pay enough to meet her familys needs. But that was back in 1996, and Congress had just passed sweeping welfare reform laws that  among other things  promised to end welfare dependency by promoting work. 

Americans in general enjoyed prosperous times in the late 1990s, and the revelation that welfare rosters were dwindling was taken not only as good news, but also as an indication of the legislations success. Challenging that perception has united Fields with thousands of other activists for poor people, especially as the economy took a turn for the worst last year.

Their voices have not been taken into account as the country debates what to do next. In October 2002  only a few months away  the law establishing Temporary Assistance for Needy Families expires. For TANF to continue, policy makers must decide what action to take, and President George W. Bush must sign the legislation. We already know what President Bushs party wants: On May 16, the House passed a bill that would increase the number of hours a recipient must work from 30 to 40 hours a week, spend millions to promote marriage, while reducing the ability of people to take classes and train themselves off welfare. Nor does it reinstate immigrants access to welfare cut in 1996. Now New Yorks own Senator, Hillary Clinton, is supporting a slightly less harsh bill in the Senate mandating 37 hours work while providing more child care money. 

The argument about the future direction of welfare is deeply rooted in perceptions of the programs purpose. For some people, TANFs main objective is to emphasize work while encouraging the maintenance of two-parent families. But for women who must pay rent, buy clothes for children, as well as provide meals  nutritious or otherwise  that philosophy works better on paper than it does in real life. For them, the purpose of TANF is to help them get out of poverty. 

If elevation from poverty were the measure of welfare reforms success, many recipients of Americas public assistance would declare it an abject failure. There is no dispute that reform has reduced the rolls (by 60 percent in New York City). Fewer people receive public assistance today than in 1996. But what really happened to them? 

Studies by the Childrens Defense Fund and other groups indicate that life for former assistance recipients is characterized by a series of low-paying jobs without benefits, reliance on emergency services to provide food for the family or to keep the utilities from being disconnected. In short, many of those leaving welfare have failed to escape poverty. The programs critics contend that if the flaws are not fixed during the legislations reauthorization, poor people will be relegated to homeless shelters and soup kitchens.

Its no surprise, then, that Fields optimism about escaping poverty has waned. And as the time limit for her eligibility to receive assistance draws near, her frustration mounts. 

I thought I was going to get a real education, Fields says. Frowning, she shakes her head in disappointment. I know I should have gotten my education when I was younger, but I didnt.

At age 33, Fields has an eighth-grade education, severely limiting the jobs she is qualified to hold. That also paints a bleak picture of her potential earnings in the years to come.

I thought the purpose of public assistance was to help people get out of poverty, Fields contends. You have to have an education to get a good job.

The type of education allowed under New Yorks reformed public assistance programs fell short of Fields expectations. The states had some flexibility under the 1996 law to support the education of recipients, but many chose not to do so. They would have even less flexibility under the House bill.

What the state calls education, I call useless training programs, Fields says. With serious, piercing eyes she leans forward and describes a day of filling out practice job applications, participating in mock interviews and working crossword puzzles to fill time. She has been to three training programs. Although she had expected to acquire skills needed once she got a job, that never happened.

Fields disappointment has intensified over recent years. Fields was given a job as a security guard. Although she is a husky woman with a commanding presence, Fields resented the assignment.

I am a woman and a mother, and I dont think its appropriate for the state to make me take a job that could be dangerous, she says. 

Additionally, Fields is paid less per hour than coworkers doing the same job but who are not recipients of public assistance.

Companies are making money off of welfare reform because they get their labor cheaper. But for us, the people on assistance, workfare amounts to slavery, Fields says.

Hundreds of women with similar experiences have vowed to get policy makers and others to listen to their concerns before the Senate reauthorizes the federal legislation that made such state programs possible. 

In Atlanta, Laura Jones sees evidence contradicting the success story impression almost daily.

Jones, who works as a community organizer for the Georgia Citizens Coalition on Hunger, points to what happened in Georgia as an example. There, recipients began to reach their five-year time limits in December 2001. During the first week of January, Jones observed a tremendous spike in the number of people requesting emergency food. That trend continued through the winter and spring. Then, the recession. 

 I just dont see how anyone can call welfare reform a success when so many people have to rely on emergency food shelters as soon as their benefits run out, says Jones. It is clear that a lot of people are not better off. Theyre just off of welfare.

Residents of Oregon witnessed a similar trend. Between 1996 and 2000, participation in that states food stamp program plummeted by 20 percent. Yet during that same period the Oregon Center for Public Policy reported a 16 percent increase in requests for emergency food, and the United States Department of Agriculture indicated that Oregon had reached a three-year high in the number of hungry people living in that state.

Fields and Jones note that they are not unilaterally opposed to welfare reform. In fact, each acknowledges Americas need to retire the now-defunct AFDC (Aid to Families with Dependent Children) program. But, they argue, in Americas haste to get people off the dole, mothers and children should not be pushed further into despair and poverty.

They still face great challenges ahead, such as changing the public perception that shrinking welfare rosters rather than shrinking poverty is the sign of success.

That perception, for example, builds on such expert research as that of Rebecca M. Blank, dean of the University of Michigans Gerald R. Ford School of Public Policy. She reported that large declines in rolls since the mid-1990s have been matched by extremely large increases in labor force participation among less-skilled mothers. The result, according to Blank, is a dramatic increase in the share of income from earnings among single mothers.

But according to Julie Strawn, senior policy analyst at the Washington-based Center for Law and Social Policy (CLASP), Most of the employment has been in low-wage jobs, with median annual earnings in the range of $8,000 to $12,000 and the evidence to date suggests that people leaving welfare experience frequent job losses and limited upward mobility.

Increasingly, more and more people are speaking up about what is not being said on the subject of welfare reform. Organizations such as Welfare Warriors in Wisconsin, the Ohio Empowerment Coalition and Idahos Community Action Network are joining forces. Under the umbrella of GROWL (Grass Roots Organizing for Welfare Leadership) some 36 groups initiated a new national discussion about public assistance. Poor women and immigrants may lack financial resources, but they are resourceful in their efforts to get legislators to listen.

A year ago, GROWL launched a month-long post card campaign urging legislators like the chairman of the House subcommittee charged with welfare reform to hear from those most directly affected by welfare reform and hold regional fact-finding meetings. The subcommittee invited no welfare recipients or grassroots organizations to testify. 

Welfare recipients also were left off the invitation list for the first major welfare reform conference to be held since the massive reform endeavor swept the nation. The February 2001 event drew prestigious presenters, including the controversial Charles Murray of the American Enterprise Institute and Jason Turner, who was responsible for New York Citys welfare and job training programs at that time. As a gesture of good will after activists protested, GROWL was added to the program  on the last day after most other presentations had been completed and many people had departed.

To secure a place at the policy table in the future, GROWL and its member organizations built strategic alliances with organizations such as the Childrens Defense Fund, the Center on Budget and Public Policy Priorities, CLASP and the National Urban League that have the clout to influence legislators. GROWL has visited more than a dozen such groups inside the Beltway. Not content to leave the policymaking to them, GROWL turned to lobbying this year. In early February, they sponsored a hearing on Capital Hill for legislators and their aides; women and men from around the country came to speak about the conditions welfare reform wrought. They sat in a small hearing room, and were welcomed by Rep. Dennis Kucinich of Ohio, leader of the progressive caucus. 

But some policy changes on the GROWL wish list put the grassroots coalition at odds even with those who support the basic position that public policy discussions should include voices from all segments of the countrys socio-economic spectrum.

In a meeting with Eileen Sweeny of the Center on Budget and Policy Priorities in Washington, D.C., she agreed with GROWLs contention that public assistance should help move people out of poverty. But the Center was reluctant to oppose time limits, a major goal of the activists.

There may be ways to help more people without taking time limits head on, Sweeny said, looking around the table at her Center colleagues. They nod in agreement.  She continued diplomatically, Time limits dont work, but on the Hill thats going to be difficult to change. Thats just political reality. 

For GROWL members, reality is that welfare reauthorization is coming  with the same time limits and more work. Yet even if they fail this year, they will continue in their mission of promoting progressive solutions to poverty.

&lt;i&gt;This story was written under the aegis of George Washington Williams fellowship for journalists of color, a program sponsored by the Independent Press Association.&lt;/i&gt;</text>
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              <text>During the election for NY State's Assembly new district, 22 in Flushing, the Democratic Party candidate Barry Grodenchik, a Jewish-American, won the election with less than 50 percent of the vote. Grodenchick beat Independence Party candidate Jimmy Meng, Republican Party candidate Meilin Tan, Green Party candidate Evergreen Chou and  Liberal Party candidate Ethel Chen.
 
District 22 is 53 percent Asian Americans, but all four of the Asian American candidates lost the election. This election was  similar to other elections historically when Asian Americans ran public office, the candidates ran against each  other and divided the votes, which led the non-Asian American  candidates win. The final result showed that Grodenchik got 5,593 votes, 45 percent of the vote; Meng got 3,782 of the votes, a 31 percent of the vote; Ten got 2,447 of the votes 20 percent of the vote; Chen got 242 of  the votes, 2 percent of the vote; and Chou got 158 votes, 1 percent of the vote.

Meng was defeated but felt proud. During the Democratic Partys primary, Meng lost to Grodenchik by 96 votes,  and he lost the Democratic candidacy. Through the media, Meng gracefully congratulated Grodenchik [for winning the general election]. He also expressed support for anyone who would serve Flushing and improve the community. Meng emphasized that he had not lost the election by representing the Independence Party and winning more than 3,000 votes. He got the most votes of all Independence party candidates of the past 20 years. The most important thing for him during this campaign, he said, was that through the campaigning and advertising, he awakened peoples understanding of the importance of voting and assimilating to the mainstream American society. He also thanked his family and volunteers.
 
Tan lost but is not discouraged. She was surprised at the result, and emphasized that the Republican Party had a chance of winning, she fought a good battle, with all the volunteers doing their very best. Tan said she will continue serving the community as she has for the past 10 years.

Chen was sad about pitting Chinese against Chinese. Having worked for the Flushing community for many years and having much election experience, she had predicted that all four of Asian American candidates would lose just six hours after voting began. She saw the  unfortunate situation of pitting Chinese against Chinese during  election campaigns. She said, Meng used $400,000 campaign money to defeat me, but he did not win either. And Tan, although representing  the Republican Party and equipping with campaign money, did not  receive support from her party. In addition, the voting machines are confusing. Many Asian American voters are discouraged from voting for minority candidates. Voting rates among Asian Americans is not high, and the result can be seen already. Chen also criticized Meng and Tan for lacking vision for the policies and for only using their minority status in the American political society. 

Chou, running for the environmental Green Party got only the support of about 20 party members. In any case, he could not win against the candidates from the two major parties. However, he has run for every Flushing election. Through his election campaigns, he promoted the Green Partys platform: the importance of protecting the environment and balancing community development with regards to different ethnic groups. Winning or losing was not important to him.</text>
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